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      Arctic East Siberia had a lower latitude in the Pleistocene

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          Abstract

          Remains of mammoths in Arctic East Siberia, where there is not sufficient sunlight over the year for the growth of the plants on which these animals feed, indicate that the latitude of this region was lower before the end of the Pleistocene than now. Reconstructing this geographic pole shift, we introduce a massive object, which moved in an extremely eccentric orbit and was hot from tidal work and solar radiation. Evaporation produced a disk-shaped cloud of ions around the Sun. This cloud partially shielded the solar radiation, producing the cold and warm periods characterizing the Pleistocene. The shielding depends on the inclination of Earth's orbit, which has a period of 100. 000 years. The cloud builds up to a point where inelastic particle collisions induce its collapse The resulting near-periodic time dependence resembles that of Dansgaard-Oeschger events. The Pleistocene ended when the massive object had a close encounter with the Earth, which suffered a one per mil extensional deformation. While the deformation relaxed to an equilibrium shape in one to several years, the globe turned relative to the rotation axis: The North Pole moved from Greenland to the Arctic Sea. The massive object split into fragments, which evaporated.

          Translated abstract

          Na Sibéria Oriental Ártica, onde há sobras de mamutes, a luzsolar durante o ano é insuficiente para sustentar as plantas que alimentam esses animais. Isto prova que a latitude dessas regiões era menor durante o Pleistoceno. Reconstruindo esse deslocamento geográfico dos pólos introduzimos um planeta adicional numa órbita tão excêntrica que a energia da maré e da radiação solar o esquentou. A sua evaporação criava em torno do sol uma nuvem de íons que espalhava a radiação solar e assim causava os períodos quentes e frios do Pleistoceno. O efeito depende da inclinação da órbita da terra, que varia com um período de 100. 000 anos. Quase periodicamente anuvem se formava até o ponto em que as colisões inelásticas entre as partículas a levaram ao colapso. Essa dependência do tempo é similar àquela dos eventos Dansgaard-Oeschger. O Pleistoceno terminou quando o planeta adicional e a terra cruzaram-se numa distância pequena. A terra sofreu alongamento de um permil. Enquanto isto relaxou para a forma de equilíbrio num tempo entre um até alguns anos, o globo virou em relação ao eixo de rotação. O pólo norte deslocou-se da Groenlândia para o mar Ártico. O planeta adicional rompeu-se em pedaços que evaporaram.

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          Most cited references16

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          Origin and consequences of cyclic ice rafting in the Northeast Atlantic Ocean during the past 130,000 years

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            Physics of Zodiacal Dust

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              • Record: found
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              Instability of the Earth's Axis of Rotation

              T. Gold (1955)
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                aabc
                Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências
                An. Acad. Bras. Ciênc.
                Academia Brasileira de Ciências (Rio de Janeiro )
                1678-2690
                June 2007
                : 79
                : 2
                : 183-193
                Affiliations
                [1 ] ETHZ Hönggerberg Switzerland
                [2 ] Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas Brazil
                Article
                S0001-37652007000200001
                10.1590/S0001-37652007000200001
                0373a677-56b7-415f-a117-751f6fc0b081

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=0001-3765&lng=en
                Categories
                MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

                ice age,pole shift,interplanetary cloud,mass extinction,era do gelo,deslocamento dos pólos,nuvem interplanetária,extinção em massa

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