Epidemiology of overweight and obesity among high school seniors in Beijing

Abstract

Objective To analyze the prevalence and changing trend of overweight and obesity among high school seniors in Beijing from 2009 to 2018, and to provide scientific basis for health and education departments to work out effective measures to prevent and control overweight and obesity among adolescents.

Methods The physical examination data of 700 588 high school seniors in Beijing from 2009 to 2018 were selected to describe the distribution characteristics of the detection rate of overweight and obesity, and to analyze whether there are differences in the prevalence of overweight and obesity among different genders and regions.

Results From 2009 to 2018, the prevalence rate of total overweight and obesity of high school seniors in Beijing showed an increasing trend by year ( χ ² = 3.58, P<0.01). After 2016, the rising trend was more stable, and it declined for the first time in 2018. The prevalence of overweight (χ ² = 6 681.34, P<0.01) and obesity ( χ ² = 15 663.08, P<0.01) were higher in male than in female. The prevalence of overweight and obesity in urban students was higher than that in suburban students (29.55%, 27.95%; χ ² = 211.43, P<0.01), the prevalence of obesity in urban students was higher than that in suburban students from 2009 to 2013, and the prevalence of obesity in suburban students was higher than that in urban students from 2014 to 2018. The districts and counties with the highest detection rates of overweight and obesity are Shijingshan District (overweight: 19.06%, obesity: 13.99%), and the districts and counties with the lowest detection rates of overweight and obesity are Yanqing District (overweight: 13.48%, obesity: 7.18%).

Conclusion From 2009 to 2018, the prevalence of overweight and obesity among high school seniors in Beijing has been increasing by year, and tends to be stable after 2016. Significant upward trend in obesity prevalence in suburban areas of Beijing has been observed.

Abstract

【摘要】 目的 分析 2009—2018 年北京市髙三学生超重、肥胖的流行情况及变化趋势, 为卫生及教育部门制定有效的青 少年超重、肥胖防治措施提供科学依据。 方法 选取 2009—2018 年 700 588 人北京市髙三学生体检数据, 描述其超重及肥 胖检出率分布特征, 分析在不同性别、不同区域中超重肥胖检出率是否存在差异。 结果 2009—2018 年北京市髙三学生 的总超重肥胖检出率呈现逐年上升的趋势 ( Z = 3.58, P<0.01), 在 2016 年之后上升趋势较为平稳(定基比发展速度为 130%), 2018 年首次下降。男生超重检出率和肥胖检出率均髙于女生 (χ ² 值分别为 6 681.34, 15 663.08, P 值均<0.01)。城 区学生总超重肥胖检出率 (29.55%) 髙于郊区 (27.95%) (χ ² = 211.43, P<0.01); 2009—2013 年城区学生的肥胖检出率均髙 于郊区学生; 2014—2018 年郊区学生肥胖检出率均髙于城区学生。超重及肥胖检出率最髙的区县均为石景山区 (超重: 19.06%, 肥胖: 13.99%), 超重及肥胖检出率最低的区县均为延庆区(超重: 13.48%, 肥胖: 7.18%)。 结论 2009—2018 年北 京市髙三学生超重肥胖检出率呈逐年上升趋势, 在 2016 年后趋于平稳; 郊区肥胖检出率的上升趋势更为显著。