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      siRNA-mediated knockdown against NUF2 suppresses pancreatic cancer proliferation in vitro and in vivo

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          Abstract

          NUF2 (NUF2, Ndc80 kinetochore complex component) plays an important role in kinetochore-microtubule attachment. It has been reported that NUF2 is associated with multiple human cancers. However, the functional role of NUF2 in pancreatic cancer remains unclear. In this study, we found that NUF2 expression was stronger in tumour tissues than in normal pancreatic tissues, and its overexpression could be related to poor prognosis. Moreover, NUF2 was highly expressed in several human pancreatic cancer cell lines. We took advantage of lentivirus-mediated siRNA (small interfering RNA) to suppress NUF2 expression in PANC-1 and Sw1990 cell lines aiming to investigate the role of NUF2 in pancreatic cancer. NUF2 silencing by RANi (RNA interference) reduced the proliferation and colony formation ability of pancreatic cancer cells in vitro. Cell cycle analysis showed that NUF2 knockdown induced cell cycle arrest at G0/G1 phase via suppression of Cyclin B1, Cdc2 and Cdc25A. More importantly, NUF2 silencing was able to alleviate in vivo tumourigenesis in pancreatic cancer xenograft nude mice. Collectively, the present study indicates that the siRNA-mediated knockdown against NUF2 may be a promising therapeutic method for the treatment of pancreatic cancer.

          Abstract

          NUF2 is overexpressed in pancreatic cancer tissues and cell lines. siRNA-mediated knockdown against NUF2 resulted in a significant reduction in pancreatic cancer cell growth both in vitro and in vivo. NUF2 may be a promising therapeutic target in pancreatic cancer.

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          Cyclin/PCNA is the auxiliary protein of DNA polymerase-delta.

          R Bravo, Graeme Frank, P Blundell … (2015)
          Identification of the cellular proteins whose expression is regulated during the cell cycle in normal cells is essential for understanding the mechanisms involved in the control of cell proliferation. A nuclear protein called cyclin of relative molecular mass 36,000 (Mr 36K), whose synthesis correlates with the proliferative state of the cell, has been identified in several cell types of human, mouse, hamster and avian origin. The rate of cyclin synthesis is very low in quiescent cells and increases several fold after serum stimulation shortly before DNA synthesis. Immunofluorescence and autoradiography studies have shown that the nuclear staining patterns of cyclin during S phase have a sequential order of appearance and a clear correlation can be found between DNA synthesis and cyclin positive nuclei. The proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and cyclin have many common properties and it has been shown that these two are identical. Recently a protein which is required by DNA polymerase-delta for its catalytic activity with templates having low primer/template ratios has been isolated from calf thymus. We report here that cyclin and the auxiliary protein of DNA polymerase-delta are identical.
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            Collateral sensitivity as a strategy against cancer multidrug resistance.

            Kristen M. Pluchino, Matthew Hall, Andrew S Goldsborough … (2012)
            While chemotherapy remains the most effective treatment for disseminated tumors, acquired or intrinsic drug resistance accounts for approximately 90% of treatment failure. Multidrug resistance (MDR), the simultaneous resistance to drugs that differ both structurally and mechanistically, often results from drug efflux pumps in the cell membrane that reduce intracellular drug levels to less than therapeutic concentrations. Expression of the MDR transporter P-glycoprotein (P-gp, MDR1, ABCB1) has been shown to correlate with overall poor chemotherapy response and prognosis. This review will focus on collateral sensitivity (CS), the ability of compounds to kill MDR cells selectively over the parental cells from which they were derived. Insights into CS may offer an alternative strategy for the clinical resolution of MDR, as highly selective and potent CS agents may lead to drugs that are effective at MDR cell killing and tumor resensitization. Four main mechanistic hypotheses for CS will be reviewed, followed by a discussion on quantitative and experimental evaluation of CS. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
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              Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) immunolocalization in paraffin sections: an index of cell proliferation with evidence of deregulated expression in some neoplasms.

              C Gillett, C. Ron Yu, Patrick D. Barnes … (1990)
              Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) is a 36 kD nuclear protein associated with the cell cycle. A monoclonal antibody, PC10, that recognizes a fixation and processing resistant epitope has been used to investigate its tissue distribution. Nuclear PCNA immunoreactivity is found in the proliferative compartment of normal tissues. PCNA immunoreactivity is induced in lectin stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells in parallel with bromodeoxyuridine incorporation and the number of cells with PCNA immunoreactivity is reduced by induction of differentiation in HL60 cells. In non-Hodgkin's lymphomas a linear relation between Ki67 and PCNA staining was demonstrated. These data suggest that in normal tissues and lymphoid neoplasms, PCNA immunolocalization can be used as an index of cell proliferation. However, in some forms of neoplasia, including breast and gastric cancer and in vitro cell lines, the simple relation between PCNA expression and cell proliferation is lost. In some breast and pancreatic tumours there is apparent deregulation of PCNA with increased expression in tissues adjacent to the tumours. The over-expression in some tumours and in adjacent morphologically normal tissue may represent autocrine or paracrine growth factor influence on PCNA gene expression.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Biosci Rep
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Biosci. Rep
                Journal ID (pmc): bsr
                Journal ID (publisher-id): BSR
                Title: Bioscience Reports
                Publisher: Portland Press Ltd.
                ISSN (Print): 0144-8463
                ISSN (Electronic): 1573-4935
                Publication date (Electronic preprint): 5 November 2014
                Publication date (Electronic): 14 January 2015
                Publication date Collection: 2015
                Volume: 35
                Issue: 1
                Electronic Location Identifier: e00170
                Affiliations
                *Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, ChongQing, China
                Author notes
                1To whom correspondence should be addressed (email zhangleidacq@ 123456126.com or biepingcqcq@ 123456126.com ).
                Article
                Publisher ID: e00170
                DOI: 10.1042/BSR20140124
                PMC ID: 4293903
                PubMed ID: 25370920
                SO-VID: 041a98df-8585-431c-8ae6-06083217ab52
                Copyright © © 2015 The Author(s) This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Licence (CC-BY) (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/) which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
                License:

                This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Licence (CC-BY) ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/) which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

                History
                Date received : 15 August 2014
                Date revision received : 25 September 2014
                Date accepted : 1 October 2014
                Page count
                Figures: 8, Tables: 1, References: 31, Pages: 11
                Categories
                Subject: Original Paper
                Subject: S1

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Life sciences
                Keywords: nuf2,pancreatic cancer,rna interference,tumourigenesis,treatment,ct, threshold cycle value,gapdh, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase,hek, human embryonic kidney,hrp, horseradish peroxidase,mtt, 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-2h-tetrazolium bromide,pcna, proliferating cell nuclear antigen,pdac, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma,rnai, rna interference,rt–pcr, reverse transcription–pcr,shrna, small hairpin rna,sirna, small interfering rna
                Data availability:
                ScienceOpen disciplines: Life sciences
                Keywords: nuf2, pancreatic cancer, rna interference, tumourigenesis, treatment, ct, threshold cycle value, gapdh, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, hek, human embryonic kidney, hrp, horseradish peroxidase, mtt, 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-2h-tetrazolium bromide, pcna, proliferating cell nuclear antigen, pdac, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, rnai, rna interference, rt–pcr, reverse transcription–pcr, shrna, small hairpin rna, sirna, small interfering rna

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