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      Insect feeding preferences on Piperaceae species observed in São Paulo city, Brazil Translated title: Preferências alimentares de insetos por espécies de Piperaceae, observadas na cidade de São Paulo, Brasil

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          Abstract

          Piperaceae species have been placed among the basal angiosperm and are adapted to a variety of habitats including moist forests, secondary vegetation and dry high lands. The major anatomical/morphology features are of small trees, vines, and shrubs for Piper species, while the epiphytic and succulent characteristics are predominant forms among Peperomia species. Their secondary chemistry can be mostly represented by amides, phenylpropanoids/lignoids, and chromenes in addition to a phletoria of biosynthetically mixed-origin secondary compounds. Although several amides and lignans are known as insecticides, several phytophagous insects, among which some considered pests of economic importance, have been observed feeding vigorously on Piperaceae species. Herein we describe the feeding preferences of fourteen phytophagous species of Coleoptera, Lepidoptera and Hemiptera over approximately fifty Piperaceae species observed in São Paulo, SP, Brazil, in a long-term basis.

          Translated abstract

          As espécies de Piperaceae têm sido posicionadas entre as angiospermas basais e são frequentemente encontradas em habitats diversificados que incluem matas ciliares, vegetação secundária e campos rupestres. As espécies de Piper possuem hábitos de plantas herbáceas, arboretos e trepadeiras enquanto que, no caso de Peperomia, é freqüente o hábito de epífitas e suculentas. As classes de metabólitos secundários que caracterizam espécies de Piperaceae são amidas, fenilpropanóides/lignóides e cromenos, além de diversos outros de origem biossintética mista de menor representatividade. Apesar de muitos desses possuírem atividades inseticidas, diversos insetos fitófagos, alguns considerados pragas de importância econômica, foram observados alimentando-se de espécies de Piperaceae. Neste trabalho são relatadas as preferências alimentares de quatorze espécies fitófagas de Coleoptera, Lepidoptera e Hemiptera sobre aproximadamente cinqüenta espécies de Piperaceae observadas em São Paulo, SP, Brasil, durante um período de quatro anos.

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          Sequestration of defensive substances from plants by Lepidoptera.

          A number of aposematic butterfly and diurnal moth species sequester unpalatable or toxic substances from their host plants rather than manufacturing their own defensive substances. Despite a great diversity in their life histories, there are some general features in the selective utilization of plant secondary metabolites to achieve effective protection from predators. This review illustrates the biochemical, physiological, and ecological characteristics of phytochemical-based defense systems that can shed light on the evolution of the widely developed sequestering lifestyles among the Lepidoptera.
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            Insects on plants: macroevolutionary chemical trends in host use.

            Determining the macroevolutionary importance of plant chemistry on herbivore host shifts is critical to understanding the evolution of insect-plant interactions. Molecular phylogenies of the ancient and speciose Blepharida (Coleoptera)-Bursera (Burseraceae) system were reconstructed and terpenoid chemical profiles for the plant species obtained. Statistical analyses show that the historical patterns of host shifts strongly correspond to the patterns of host chemical similarity, indicating that plant chemistry has played a significant role in the evolution of host shifts by phytophagous insects.
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              Phytochemistry of the genus Piper

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                rbent
                Revista Brasileira de Entomologia
                Rev. Bras. entomol.
                Sociedade Brasileira De Entomologia (São Paulo, SP, Brazil )
                1806-9665
                2008
                : 52
                : 1
                : 72-77
                Affiliations
                [01] São Paulo SP orgnameUniversidade de São Paulo orgdiv1Museu de Zoologia and Instituto de Biociências Brazil savanin@ 123456ib.usp.br
                [02] São Paulo SP orgnameUniversidade de São Paulo orgdiv1Instituto de Química Brazil
                [03] Rio de Janeiro RJ orgnameInstituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro Brazil
                Article
                S0085-56262008000100013 S0085-5626(08)05200113
                04667a1b-34c5-445a-8332-f74aae6cc4c7

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 04 January 2008
                : 13 July 2007
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 35, Pages: 6
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Categories
                Biology, Ecology and Diversity

                Interações planta-inseto,secondary metabolites,Piper,Insect-plant interaction,Host plant,planta hospedeira,metabólitos secundários

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