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      Molecular biogeography of the Neotropical fish Hoplias malabaricus (Erythrinidae:Characiformes) in the Iguaçu, Tibagi, and Paraná Rivers

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          Abstract

          Hoplias malabaricus, the common trahira, extended its range into the Iguaçu River sometime in the last decades. To determine levels of genetic differentiation in neighboring basins of this nominal taxon, as well as to unveil the source of the invading population, we analyzed patterns of similarity of RAPD-PCR genomic markers of samples from Paraná, Iguaçu and Tibagi Rivers. The high genetic diversity of samples from the Paraná and Tibagi Rivers suggested strong population structuring or even the occurrence of undescribed species. All alleles of the sample from the headwaters of Tibagi River were present in the sample from the Iguaçu River, which suggests that the former population or another population with similar genetic makeup, may be the source of the trahiras of the Iguaçu River.

          Translated abstract

          Hoplias malabaricus, a traíra, colonizou o Rio Iguaçu nas últimas décadas. Numa tentativa de determinar os níveis de diferenciação genética deste taxon nominal em bacias vizinhas, assim como a origem da população colonizadora, foram analisados os padrões de similaridade de marcadores genômicos do tipo randomly amplified polymorphic DNA-polymerase chain reaction (RAPD-PCR) de amostras dos rios Paraná, Iguaçu, e Tibagi. As amostras do Paraná e do Tibagi apresentaram elevados índices de diversidade genética, os quais sugerem a ocorrência de espécies diferentes nestes rios. Todos os alelos presentes na população da cabeceira do rio Tibagi ocorreram também na amostra do rio Iguaçu. Esta semelhança permite-nos sugerir que a população da cabeceira do rio Tibagi (ou alguma população com características genéticas semelhantes) possa ser a origem da população amostrada no rio Iguaçu.

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          Some new species of fishes from the Rio Iguassú

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            PCR with arbitrary primers: approach with care.

            New techniques have recently been described that employ the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to amplify arbitrary regions of a genome using a single primer. The techniques reveal polymorphisms in insect taxa that lack allozyme variation and, for the first time, permit genetic polymorphisms to be rapidly analysed in small arthropods (e.g. mites, endoparasitic wasps). The methods have been used in identification of sub-species and cryptic species, and have applications in population genetics and genetic fingerprinting. They are fairly inexpensive, do not require the use of radioactivity, are relatively simple to learn and can easily be adapted to most laboratories. However, their application is not without technical problems and practical limitations. The purpose of this note is to indicate the critical factors to consider before launching into their use. We chiefly emphasize that most polymorphisms revealed by these methods segregate as dominant markers. Furthermore, application of these techniques requires extensive standardization and may not prove to be reproducible among various laboratories especially those employing different types of thermal cyclers. There are some unique features of these polymorphisms to consider when using them in genetic fingerprinting. In addition, because the techniques amplify arbitrary regions of genomes, similarly sized fragments amplified between two species may not be homologous. This argument and empirical observations suggest that PCR with arbitrary primers will have limited application in molecular systematics above the intraspecific level.
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              A review of the Erythrininae

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                gmb
                Genetics and Molecular Biology
                Genet. Mol. Biol.
                Sociedade Brasileira de Genética (Ribeirão Preto )
                1678-4685
                December 1998
                : 21
                : 4
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Universidade Federal de Viçosa
                [2 ] Universidade Estadual de Maringá Brazil
                [3 ] Universidade Estadual de Londrina Brazil
                [4 ] Colorado State University
                Article
                S1415-47571998000400015
                10.1590/S1415-47571998000400015
                04730cc8-b956-4bdc-8147-67f2e882089f

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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                SciELO Brazil

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=1415-4757&lng=en
                Categories
                BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
                GENETICS & HEREDITY

                Molecular biology,Genetics
                Molecular biology, Genetics

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