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      Biomimetic Tactile Sensors with Bilayer Fingerprint Ridges Demonstrating Texture Recognition

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          Abstract

          In this article, we report on a biomimetic tactile sensor that has a surface kinetic interface (SKIN) that imitates human epidermal fingerprint ridges and the epidermis. The SKIN is composed of a bilayer polymer structure with different elastic moduli. We improved the tactile sensitivity of the SKIN by using a hard epidermal fingerprint ridge and a soft epidermal board. We also evaluated the effectiveness of the SKIN layer in shear transfer characteristics while varying the elasticity and geometrical factors of the epidermal fingerprint ridges and the epidermal board. The biomimetic tactile sensor with the SKIN layer showed a detection capability for surface structures under 100 μm with only 20-μm height differences. Our sensor could distinguish various textures that can be easily accessed in everyday life, demonstrating that the sensor may be used for texture recognition in future artificial and robotic fingers.

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          Most cited references30

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          Highly sensitive flexible pressure sensors with microstructured rubber dielectric layers.

          The development of an electronic skin is critical to the realization of artificial intelligence that comes into direct contact with humans, and to biomedical applications such as prosthetic skin. To mimic the tactile sensing properties of natural skin, large arrays of pixel pressure sensors on a flexible and stretchable substrate are required. We demonstrate flexible, capacitive pressure sensors with unprecedented sensitivity and very short response times that can be inexpensively fabricated over large areas by microstructuring of thin films of the biocompatible elastomer polydimethylsiloxane. The pressure sensitivity of the microstructured films far surpassed that exhibited by unstructured elastomeric films of similar thickness, and is tunable by using different microstructures. The microstructured films were integrated into organic field-effect transistors as the dielectric layer, forming a new type of active sensor device with similarly excellent sensitivity and response times.
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            Stretchable silicon nanoribbon electronics for skin prosthesis.

            Sensory receptors in human skin transmit a wealth of tactile and thermal signals from external environments to the brain. Despite advances in our understanding of mechano- and thermosensation, replication of these unique sensory characteristics in artificial skin and prosthetics remains challenging. Recent efforts to develop smart prosthetics, which exploit rigid and/or semi-flexible pressure, strain and temperature sensors, provide promising routes for sensor-laden bionic systems, but with limited stretchability, detection range and spatio-temporal resolution. Here we demonstrate smart prosthetic skin instrumented with ultrathin, single crystalline silicon nanoribbon strain, pressure and temperature sensor arrays as well as associated humidity sensors, electroresistive heaters and stretchable multi-electrode arrays for nerve stimulation. This collection of stretchable sensors and actuators facilitate highly localized mechanical and thermal skin-like perception in response to external stimuli, thus providing unique opportunities for emerging classes of prostheses and peripheral nervous system interface technologies.
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              Silk-molded flexible, ultrasensitive, and highly stable electronic skin for monitoring human physiological signals.

              Flexible and transparent E-skin devices are achieved by combining silk-molded micro-patterned polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) with single-walled carbon nanotube (SWNT) ultrathin films. The E-skin sensing device demonstrates superior sensitivity, a very low detectable pressure limit, a fast response time, and a high stability for the detection of superslight pressures, which may broaden their potential use as cost-effective wearable electronics for healthcare applications. © 2013 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Micromachines (Basel)
                Micromachines (Basel)
                micromachines
                Micromachines
                MDPI
                2072-666X
                25 September 2019
                October 2019
                : 10
                : 10
                : 642
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Department of Electronic Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Korea; silver77@ 123456hanyang.ac.kr (E.C.); jusin19@ 123456hanyang.ac.kr (J.L.); masiks@ 123456hanyang.ac.kr (H.S.); akangel0307@ 123456gmail.com (S.K.); yso526@ 123456hanyang.ac.kr (S.Y.); rgwrgw00@ 123456gmail.com (G.R.); heewon0820@ 123456hanyang.ac.kr (H.Y.); skstls715@ 123456hanyang.ac.kr (Y.S.)
                [2 ]Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Korea; ojsul@ 123456hanyang.ac.kr
                Author notes
                [* ]Correspondence: sbl22@ 123456hanyang.ac.kr ; Tel.: +82-2-2220-1676; Fax: +82-2-2294-1676
                Author information
                https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2864-4329
                Article
                micromachines-10-00642
                10.3390/mi10100642
                6843519
                31557853
                0497a29c-fa68-4baa-8818-06e5cf344a56
                © 2019 by the authors.

                Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

                History
                : 02 September 2019
                : 23 September 2019
                Categories
                Article

                biomimetic,tactile sensor,fingerprint ridge,piezoelectric sensor,texture discrimination

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