Hand–foot syndrome in sorafenib and lenvatinib treatment for advanced thyroid cancer

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Abstract

Objective

The aim of this study was to assess the clinical impact of hand–foot syndrome (HFS) during treatment with two multikinase inhibitors, sorafenib and lenvatinib, in a large group of patients with advanced thyroid cancer. Moreover, we looked for possible associations between HFS occurrence and clinical and pathological features.

Methods

We retrospectively evaluated 239 patients with advanced thyroid cancer: 165 treated with lenvatinib and 74 with sorafenib. Statistical analyses were performed to verify which features could be correlated with HFS development.

Results

HFS was observed in 35/74 (47.4%) and in 43/165 (26.7%) patients treated with sorafenib or lenvatinib, respectively. The median latency from the drug beginning and HFS appearance was 27 days for sorafenib and 2.9 months for lenvatinib. G3/G4 toxicity was observed in 16/35 (45.7%) patients treated with sorafenib and only in 3/43 (7%) treated with lenvatinib. Drug dose reduction due to HFS was required in 19/74 (25.7%) and 3/165 (1.8%) patients treated with sorafenib and lenvatinib, respectively. HFS occurrence was significantly associated with a longer duration of therapy in both groups.

Conclusion

HFS was a frequent adverse event during both lenvatinib and sorafenib therapy, with a higher frequency and toxicity grade during sorafenib treatment. HFS was the most frequent reason for drug reduction or discontinuation in patient treated with sorafenib. Early diagnosis of HFS is important to allow early intervention, possibly in a multidisciplinary setting, and to avoid treatment discontinuation, which is highly relevant to obtain the maximum effectiveness of systemic therapy.

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Author and article information

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): Eur Thyroid J

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Eur Thyroid J

Journal ID (publisher-id): ETJ

Title: European Thyroid Journal

Publisher: Bioscientifica Ltd (Bristol )

ISSN (Print): 2235-0640

ISSN (Electronic): 2235-0802

Publication date (Electronic): 29 July 2024

Publication date (Electronic preprint): 02 July 2024

Publication date Collection: 01 August 2024

Volume: 13

Issue: 4

Electronic Location Identifier: e240009

Affiliations

[1 ]Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine , Unit of Endocrinology, University Hospital of Pisa, Via Paradisa, Pisa, Italy

Author notes

Correspondence should be addressed to R Elisei: rossella.elisei@ 123456med.unipi.it

^*(E Minaldi and V Cappagli contributed equally to this work)

Author information

Elisa Minaldi http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4144-4906

Antonio Matrone http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4263-4717

Rossella Elisei http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5333-9257

Article

Publisher ID: ETJ-24-0009

DOI: 10.1530/ETJ-24-0009

PMC ID: 11301531

PubMed ID: 38954633

SO-VID: 04a5b46b-4fcb-4039-b50d-e1cfc5c555b9

License:

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

History

Date received : 09 January 2024

Date accepted : 02 July 2024

Custom metadata

ifp:collection ETJ-cancer-clinical

Keywords: hand–foot syndrome,lenvatinib,sorafenib,thyroid cancer,tyrosine kinase inhibitors

Data availability:

Keywords: hand–foot syndrome, lenvatinib, sorafenib, thyroid cancer, tyrosine kinase inhibitors

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