Malaria elimination surveillance in Nanjing, 2012-2018

Abstract

Objective To analyze malaria elimination surveillance in Nanjing City from 2012 to 2018, so as to provide the foundation for malaria prevention and control.

Methods The monitoring data about the epidemic situation, blood tests of feverish patients and the epidemiological data of cases in Nanjing from 2012 to 2018 were collected and analyzed.

Results From 2012 to 2018, a total of 173 792 feverish patients had blood tests for Plasmodium, and 138 cases of malaria were reported, including 105 falciparum malaria cases, 11 vivax malaria cases, 16 ovale malaria case, 3 quartan malaria case and 3 mixed infection cases. All the 138 malaria cases were imported, including 131 cases from African countries, and 7 cases from Asian. Malaria cases were majorly young men working as workers, farmers and technicians. There were malaria cases in the 10 districts of the city, and there was no obvious seasonal feature of the onset time. About 26.09% (36/138) cases went to hospital on onset day, and 68.12% (94/138) cases were confirmed as malaria in current day. There were 1 047 people with the active case investigation, but no malaria parasite positive carriers were found. The mosquito population was monitored by overnight lamp trapping method. Totally 417 Anopheles sinensis were caught in the 5 sites, the density was 0.17 mosquitoes/ (lamp·hour). From 2016 to 2018, the reported cases of malaria in Nanjing were detected by microscopy and RDT, and matching comparison showed that there was no statistical difference between the two methods (Fisher exact probability method P = 0.25).

Conclusions There is still a risk of re-transmission of imported malaria cases in Nanjing. It is necessary to further strengthen professional training in medical institutions, strengthen multi- sectoral cooperation, take effective control measures against high-risk populations, so as to prevent the spread of imported epidemics, and consolidate the achievements in eliminating malaria.

Abstract

摘要： 目的 分析 2012—2018 年南京市消除疟疾监测情况, 为进一步制定消除疟疾防控策略和措施提供依据。 方法 收集 2012—2018 年南京市疟疾疫情报表、发热病人血检报表以及所有病例的个案信息、流行病学调查等资料进 行统计分析。 结果 2012—2018 年南京市共监测发热病人血检173 792人次, 报告确诊疟疾病例138例, 其中恶性疟 105例, 间日疟11例, 卵形疟16例, 三日疟3例, 混合感染3例。138例病例均为境外输入性病例, 来自非洲131例, 亚洲7 例。人群主要为男性青壮年, 职业以工人、农民、技术人员为主。全市10个区有病例报告, 且发病时间无明显季节性特 征。发病当天就诊的病例占26.09%(36/138), 经首诊单位确诊病例占68.12%(94/138)。主动病例侦查1 047人, 未检出疟 原虫阳性病例。采用诱蚊灯法进行全通宵蚊媒监测, 在5个监测点共捕获中华按蚊417只, 密度为0.17只 (/ 灯·小时) 。 2016—2018年南京市疟疾报告病例采用镜检法和RDT两种方法检测, 配对比较显示两种方法检测结果差异无统计学意 义 (Fisher确切概率法 P=0.25) 。 结论 南京市输入性疟疾病例仍有再传播风险, 需进一步强化医疗机构专业人员业务 培训, 加强多部门合作, 针对重点人群采取有力防控措施, 防止输入性疫情的传播与扩散, 巩固消除疟疾取得的成果。