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      A case of silent invasion: Citizen science confirms the presence of Harmonia axyridis (Coleoptera, Coccinellidae) in Central America

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      PLoS ONE
      Public Library of Science

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          Abstract

          Harmonia axyridis (Coleoptera, Coccinellidae) is a globally invasive ladybird. It has been intentionally introduced in many countries as a biological control agent, whereas it has been unintentionally released in many others. Climatic factors are important in limiting the spread of H. axyridis. For example, very few records are known from tropical or desert regions. Currently, no published reports are known from Central America. Here, we report H. axyridis from Costa Rica, Guatemala, Honduras, Panama, and Puerto Rico. Specimens were either observed by the authors, discovered in dried insect collections, or retrieved from searching through online photographs available from the citizen science project iNaturalist and the photo-sharing website Flickr. These new records and the wide distribution of H. axyridis in Latin America suggest several invasion events, which have gone unnoticed until now. We stress the need for further, large-scale monitoring and show the advantage of citizen science to assess the presence of invasive alien species.

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          Citizen science. Next steps for citizen science.

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            The eBird enterprise: An integrated approach to development and application of citizen science

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              The Value of Museum Collections for Research and Society

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ConceptualizationRole: Data curationRole: Formal analysisRole: InvestigationRole: MethodologyRole: ResourcesRole: VisualizationRole: Writing – original draftRole: Writing – review & editing
                Role: ConceptualizationRole: Data curationRole: Formal analysisRole: InvestigationRole: MethodologyRole: ResourcesRole: VisualizationRole: Writing – original draftRole: Writing – review & editing
                Role: Editor
                Journal
                PLoS One
                PLoS ONE
                plos
                plosone
                PLoS ONE
                Public Library of Science (San Francisco, CA USA )
                1932-6203
                18 July 2019
                2019
                : 14
                : 7
                : e0220082
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Institute of Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation Genomics, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
                [2 ] Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
                [3 ] Department of Zoology, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
                University of Manitoba, CANADA
                Author notes

                Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

                Author information
                http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4044-9956
                Article
                PONE-D-19-09776
                10.1371/journal.pone.0220082
                6638987
                31318960
                057cbcdb-b9d1-4e7c-a9d3-2e78400b837b
                © 2019 Hiller, Haelewaters

                This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

                History
                : 5 April 2019
                : 7 July 2019
                Page count
                Figures: 2, Tables: 1, Pages: 16
                Funding
                This work was funded through the Torrey Botanical Society (2015 Graduate Student Research Fellowship), Georgia Entomological society (2015 PhD Scholarship), and Harvard University David Rockefeller Center for Latin American Studies (2015 Summer Research Travel Grant) to DH. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
                Categories
                Research Article
                People and places
                Geographical locations
                South America
                Ecology and Environmental Sciences
                Species Colonization
                Invasive Species
                Science Policy
                Science and Technology Workforce
                Citizen Science
                People and places
                Geographical locations
                North America
                Central America
                People and places
                Geographical locations
                North America
                Central America
                Costa Rica
                Research and Analysis Methods
                Research Facilities
                Museum Collections
                Biology and Life Sciences
                Organisms
                Eukaryota
                Animals
                Invertebrates
                Arthropoda
                Insects
                Beetles
                People and places
                Geographical locations
                South America
                Colombia
                Custom metadata
                All relevant data are within the manuscript and its Supporting Information files.

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                Uncategorized

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