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      The extensor mechanism of the knee joint: an anatomical study.

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          Abstract

          This study investigated the anatomy of the structures that form the extensor mechanism of the knee joint using microsurgical techniques. Ten fresh-frozen human adult cadaveric knees were used. The quadriceps components, the infrapatellar tendon, the patellofemoral ligaments, and their relations to the neighboring anatomical structures were measured. The angles of the vastus lateralis and the vastus medialis muscle fibers to the rectus tendon were 26.6 and 41.1 degrees , respectively. The medial patellofemoral ligament connecting the femoral medial epicondyle to the medial edge of the patella was approximately 54.2 mm long, and its width ranged from 9 to 30 mm. The medial patellomeniscal ligament had a wide attachment to the meniscus whereas the attachment to the patella was narrow. The patellar tendon was 31.9 mm broad at its attachment to the apex of the patella and 27.4 mm wide at its attachment to the tibial tubercle. It was 38-49 mm long. Using the surgical microscope we were able to dissect and identify a trilaminar arrangement of prepatellar fibrous soft tissues. Also, we were able to identify the vessels and nerves around the patella. Details of clinical relevance and the possible pathological implications of the material presented are discussed. Emphasis is placed on the stability of the patellofemoral joint and the complex interaction between a range of factors providing it.

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          Author and article information

          Journal
          Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc
          Knee surgery, sports traumatology, arthroscopy : official journal of the ESSKA
          0942-2056
          0942-2056
          Mar 2006
          : 14
          : 3
          Affiliations
          [1 ] Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Orthopaedic Sports Medicine Center, University of Ioannina, Greece.
          Article
          10.1007/s00167-005-0680-3
          16283173
          05a25ec3-03c8-4f48-a268-832b20b40223
          History

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