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      Regulation of Notch1 and Dll4 by vascular endothelial growth factor in arterial endothelial cells: implications for modulating arteriogenesis and angiogenesis.

      Molecular and Cellular Biology
      Arteries, cytology, physiology, Cell Division, drug effects, genetics, Cell Survival, Cells, Cultured, Endothelial Growth Factors, chemistry, metabolism, pharmacology, Endothelium, Vascular, Enzyme Inhibitors, Fibroblast Growth Factor 2, Flavonoids, Gene Expression Regulation, Humans, Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins, Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins, Lymphokines, Membrane Proteins, Neovascularization, Physiologic, Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases, antagonists & inhibitors, Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases, Proto-Oncogene Proteins, Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt, Receptor, Notch1, Receptors, Cell Surface, Receptors, Notch, Recombinant Proteins, Signal Transduction, Solubility, Transcription Factors, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-1, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors

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          Abstract

          Notch and its ligands play critical roles in cell fate determination. Expression of Notch and ligand in vascular endothelium and defects in vascular phenotypes of targeted mutants in the Notch pathway have suggested a critical role for Notch signaling in vasculogenesis and angiogenesis. However, the angiogenic signaling that controls Notch and ligand gene expression is unknown. We show here that vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) but not basic fibroblast growth factor can induce gene expression of Notch1 and its ligand, Delta-like 4 (Dll4), in human arterial endothelial cells. The VEGF-induced specific signaling is mediated through VEGF receptors 1 and 2 and is transmitted via the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt pathway but is independent of mitogen-activated protein kinase and Src tyrosine kinase. Constitutive activation of Notch signaling stabilizes network formation of endothelial cells on Matrigel and enhances formation of vessel-like structures in a three-dimensional angiogenesis model, whereas blocking Notch signaling can partially inhibit network formation. This study provides the first evidence for regulation of Notch/Delta gene expression by an angiogenic growth factor and insight into the critical role of Notch signaling in arteriogenesis and angiogenesis.

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