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      Bolivian Health Providers’ Attitudes Toward Alternative Technologies for Cervical Cancer Prevention: A Focus on Visual Inspection with Acetic Acid and Cryotherapy

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          Abstract

          Background

          Little is known about health providers’ attitudes toward visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA) and cryotherapy in the prevention of cervical cancer, as most research in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) has examined attitudes of the general population. This study describes attitudes of Bolivian health professionals toward new technologies for cervical cancer prevention, focusing on VIA and cryotherapy.

          Methods

          Between February 2011 and March 2012, we surveyed 7 nurses and 35 physicians who participated in 5-day workshops on VIA and cryotherapy conducted in Bolivia. Multiple choice and open-ended questions were used to assess participants’ acceptability of these procedures and the feasibility of their implementation in the context of perceived barriers for the early detection of cervical cancer in this country.

          Results

          Most believed that cultural factors represent the main barrier for the early detection of cervical cancer (70%), although all stated that VIA and cryotherapy would be accepted by women, citing the advantages of VIA over cytology for this belief. Most also believed their colleagues would accept VIA and cryotherapy (71%) and that VIA should replace Pap testing (61%), reiterating the advantages of VIA for these beliefs. Those who believed the contrary expressed a general resistance to change associated with an already existing cytology program and national norms prioritizing Pap testing.

          Conclusions

          Most participants had favorable attitudes toward VIA and cryotherapy; however, a sizable minority cited challenges to their adoption by colleagues and believed VIA should not replace cytology. This report can inform the development of strategies to expand the use of alternative cervical cancer screening methods in LAC and Bolivia.

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          Author and article information

          Journal
          101159262
          30202
          J Womens Health (Larchmt)
          J Womens Health (Larchmt)
          Journal of women's health (2002)
          1540-9996
          1931-843X
          22 January 2017
          20 July 2012
          August 2012
          18 February 2017
          : 21
          : 8
          : 801-808
          Affiliations
          [1 ]Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
          [2 ]Ministerio de Salud y Deportes, La Paz, Bolivia
          [3 ]Area of Health, Surveillance, Disease Prevention and Control, Pan American Health Organization, Washington, District of Columbia
          [4 ]Area of Family and Community Health, Pan American Health Organization, La Paz, Bolivia
          [5 ]Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Neoplásicas, Lima, Perú
          Author notes
          Address correspondence to: Analía R. Stormo, B.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 4770 Buford Highway NE, MS K-55 Atlanta, GA 30341, uxr6@ 123456cdc.gov
          Article
          PMC5316127 PMC5316127 5316127 hhspa844534
          10.1089/jwh.2012.3796
          5316127
          22816515
          06118412-69f5-4572-9d81-6c644d159582
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