Association between suicidal ideation and behavior, and depression, anxiety, and perceived social support in cancer patients

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Abstract

Background

The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between suicidal behavior and associated factors such as depression, anxiety, and perceived social support level in cancer patients.

Material/Methods

The study group included 102 patients who were under treatment in the oncology department and the control group included 100 individuals with similar sociodemographic features. A sociodemographic information form, Beck depression inventory, Beck anxiety inventory, suicidal behavior inventory, suicidal ideation inventory, and multidimensional inventory of perceived social support were used.

Results

The mean Beck depression inventory and Beck anxiety inventory scores in the study group were significantly higher compared to the control group. Thirteen patients in the study group attempted suicide, whereas 3 individuals attempted suicide in the control group. Similarly, the mean suicide behavior and ideation scores in the study group were significantly higher compared to the control group. The mean total multidimensional inventories of perceived social support score, as well as the mean family and friend sub-inventory scores in the control group were significantly higher compared to the study group.

Conclusions

This study revealed that depression and anxiety occur frequently in cancer patients. Suicide attempts and ideation are higher in cancer patients compared to the control group. Social support perceived from family and friends is lower in cancer patients. Suicide attempts are correlated with depression, anxiety, low level of perceived social support, and advanced disease stage.

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Most cited references 35

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Incidence of suicide in persons with cancer.

Tomoko Misono, Mary Redman, Jesse Fann … (2008)

The purpose of this study was to characterize suicide rates among patients with cancer in the United States and identify patient and disease characteristics associated with higher suicide rates. Prior studies, mostly in Europe, have suggested that patients with cancer may be at increased risk for suicide, but large cohort studies comparing patients with cancer with the general population have not been performed in the United States. Patients in the study were residents of geographic areas served by the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) program who were diagnosed with cancer from 1973 to 2002. Comparisons with the general US population were based on mortality data collected by the National Center for Health Statistics. This was a retrospective cohort study of suicide in persons with cancer. Among 3,594,750 SEER registry patients observed for 18,604,308 person-years, 5,838 suicides were identified, for an age-, sex-, and race-adjusted rate of 31.4/100,000 person-years. In contrast, the suicide rate in the general US population was 16.7/100,000 person-years. Higher suicide rates were associated with male sex, white race, and older age at diagnosis. The highest suicide risks were observed in patients with cancers of the lung and bronchus (standardized mortality ratio [SMR] = 5.74; 95% CI, 5.30 to 6.22), stomach (SMR = 4.68; 95% CI, 3.81 to 5.70), oral cavity and pharynx (SMR = 3.66; 95% CI, 3.16 to 4.22), and larynx (SMR = 2.83; 95% CI, 2.31 to 3.44). SMRs were highest in the first 5 years after diagnosis with cancer. Patients with cancer in the United States have nearly twice the incidence of suicide of the general population, and suicide rates vary among patients with cancers of different anatomic sites. Further examination of the psychological experience of patients with cancer, particularly that of patients with certain types of cancer, is warranted.

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The prevalence of psychiatric disorders among cancer patients.

Meredith Morrow, P Henrichs, Gregory Schmale … (1983)

Two hundred fifteen randomly accessed cancer patients who were new admissions to three collaborating cancer centers were examined for the presence of formal psychiatric disorder. Each patient was assessed in a common protocol via a psychiatric interview and standardized psychological tests. The American Psychiatric Association's DSM-III diagnostic system was used in making the diagnoses. Results indicated that 47% of the patients received a DSM-III diagnosis, with 44% being diagnosed as manifesting a clinical syndrome and 3% with personality disorders. Approximately 68% of the psychiatric diagnoses consisted of adjustment disorders, with 13% representing major affective disorders (depression). The remaining diagnoses were split among organic mental disorders (8%), personality disorders (7%), and anxiety disorders (4%). Approximately 85% of those patients with a positive psychiatric condition were experiencing a disorder with depression or anxiety as the central symptom. The large majority of conditions were judged to represent highly treatable disorders.

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A literature review of suicide in cancer patients.

Linda Anguiano, Deborah Mayer, Mary Lynn Piven … (2015)

Cancer survivors have a higher suicide rate than the general population. Oncology nurses need to have knowledge and skills in assessing risk for suicide in this population. This study aimed to conduct a literature review on risk factors for and incidence of suicide in patients with cancer and to identify potential screening tools. PubMed, CINAHL, and PsycINFO databases were searched to identify research articles in peer-reviewed journals from 1999 to 2009. The variables under study included suicide rate, cancer type, demographic characteristics, and signs and symptoms associated with suicide. In addition, articles focused on suicide risk assessment tools were also included. Twenty-four articles met the inclusion criteria. As in the general population, suicide risk was higher among men with cancer as compared with women with cancer. Patients aged 65 years or older with cancer have a higher rate of suicide compared with those younger than 65 years, with rates highest among men 80 years or older. Specific diagnoses associated with higher suicide rates include prostate, lung, pancreatic, and head and neck cancers. The first year after diagnosis carries a higher risk for completed suicide. Multiple risk assessment tools have been developed and are effective in identifying patients with depression or hopelessness, factors associated with higher risk for suicide. However, no tools exist that sensitively and specifically predict suicide. The incidence of suicide in someone with a cancer diagnosis is approximately double the incidence of suicide in the general population. Early detection of depression in special cancer populations, such as older male patients, may help identify those at greatest suicide risk. Oncology nurses should be aware of cancer patients considered at higher risk for suicide. Systematic screening for suicidal ideation and behavior may identify cancer patients at high risk and facilitate appropriate mental health evaluation and treatment.

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Author and article information

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): Med Sci Monit

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Med. Sci. Monit

Journal ID (publisher-id): Medical Science Monitor

Title: Medical Science Monitor : International Medical Journal of Experimental and Clinical Research

Publisher: International Scientific Literature, Inc.

ISSN (Print): 1234-1010

ISSN (Electronic): 1643-3750

Publication date Collection: 2014

Publication date (Electronic): 27 February 2014

Volume: 20

Pages: 329-336

Affiliations

[1 ]Department of Psychiatry, Pamukkale University School of Medicine, Denizli, Turkey

[2 ]Department of Radiation Oncology, Suleyman Demirel University School of Medicine, Isparta, Turkey

[3 ]Department of Radiation Oncology, Izmir University School of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey

[4 ]Department of Psychiatry, Isparta Government Hospital, Isparta, Turkey

Author notes

Corresponding Author: M. Ceyhan Balcı Sengül, e-mail: melikeceyhan@ 123456gmail.com

[A]

Study Design

[B]

Data Collection

[C]

Statistical Analysis

[D]

Data Interpretation

[E]

Manuscript Preparation

[F]

Literature Search

[G]

Funds Collection

Article

Publisher ID: 889989

DOI: 10.12659/MSM.889989

PMC ID: 3945999

PubMed ID: 24584172

SO-VID: 06437cf8-1888-466c-9d32-b763e47c1b9b

License:

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License

Association between suicidal ideation and behavior, and depression, anxiety, and perceived social support in cancer patients

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Abstract

Background

Material/Methods

Results

Conclusions

Related collections

Measurement of Glucocorticoid Receptor Signaling in Major Depression

Most cited references 35

Incidence of suicide in persons with cancer.

The prevalence of psychiatric disorders among cancer patients.

A literature review of suicide in cancer patients.

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