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      A clinical research pathway towards developing new insights into cardiomyopathy

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          Abstract

          We were delighted to read Madias’ reply [1] to our comparative analysis [2], and we are excited that others see the value of making clinical predictions from a comparative life history study. We agree that further research on non-humans specifically aimed at identifying the mechanism(s) underlying capture myopathy would be valuable. The suggestions [1] to use echocardiography, electrocardiography, catecholamine and creatine phosphokinase measurements on non-humans would be very useful further identifying the precise links between capture myopathy in animals and takotsubo cardiomyopathy in humans. Furthermore, using life history traits in animal species most susceptible to capture myopathy to better understand individual vulnerability to takotsubo cardiomyopathy in humans is intriguing and worthy of further investigation. Ultimately, we see great promise in comparative studies that help put human pathologies into a life history perspective and encourage others to consider how life history variation and trajectories may influence human health.

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          The evolution of capture myopathy in hooved mammals: a model for human stress cardiomyopathy?

          Background and objectives: Capture myopathy (CM) syndromes in wildlife may be a model for human stress cardiomyopathy, including Takotsubo cardiomyopathy. Emotional stress or grief may trigger heart attack-like symptoms, and occasionally, sudden death in some humans. Similarly, wildlife exposed to predatory stresses, chase, or capture occasionally results in sudden death. To better understand the nature of vulnerability to stress-induced sudden death, we studied cases of CM in hooved mammals—ungulates—and hypothesized that CM would be associated with a syndrome of longevity-related traits. Methodology: We reconstructed the evolution of CM in ungulates then determined how a set of life history traits explained variation in the likelihood that CM was reported. Results: CM is broadly reported, but not in all genera, and phylogenetic analyses suggest that it is an evolutionarily labile trait. We found that the following traits were significantly associated with reports of CM: greater brain mass, faster maximum running speed, greater minimum group size and greater maximum longevity. Conclusions and implications: CM may be an unavoidable consequence of adaptations to reduce predation risk that include increased running speed, sociality and having larger brains. Moreover, longer-lived species seem to be more likely to be susceptible to CM. Exploring variable susceptibility to CM highlights the evolutionary origins of the disorder, potential basic mechanisms that underlie vulnerability to the phenomenon, and the potential for reduction of risk through modification of life history trajectory.
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            Author and article information

            Journal
            Evol Med Public Health
            Evol Med Public Health
            emph
            emph
            Evolution, Medicine, and Public Health
            Oxford University Press
            2050-6201
            2015
            28 September 2015
            : 2015
            : 1
            : 280
            Affiliations
            1Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, 621 Charles E. Young Drive South, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1606, USA and
            2David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Division of Cardiology, 650 Charles E. Young Drive South, A2-237, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
            Author notes
            *Corresponding author. Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, 621 Charles E. Young Drive South, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1606, USA. Tel: +1-310-267-4746; E-mail: marmots@ 123456ucla.edu
            Article
            eov024
            10.1093/emph/eov024
            4606057
            26415642
            0654b13b-9658-45e2-9309-8a1768ba652b
            © The Author(s) 2015. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Foundation for Evolution, Medicine, and Public Health.

            This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

            History
            : 28 August 2015
            : 1 September 2015
            Page count
            Pages: 1
            Categories
            Correspondence

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