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      Extracellular Vesicles: A New Frontier for Research in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome

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          Abstract

          Recent research on extracellular vesicles (EVs) has provided new insights into pathogenesis and potential therapeutic options for acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). EVs are membrane-bound anuclear structures that carry important intercellular communication mechanisms, allowing targeted transfer of diverse biologic cargo, including protein, mRNA, and microRNA, among several different cell types. In this review, we discuss the important role EVs play in both inducing and attenuating inflammatory lung injury in ARDS as well as in sepsis, the most important clinical cause of ARDS. We discuss the translational challenges that need to be overcome before EVs can also be used as prognostic biomarkers in patients with ARDS and sepsis. We also consider how EVs may provide a platform for novel therapeutics in ARDS.

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          Author and article information

          Contributors
          (View ORCID Profile)
          Journal
          American Journal of Respiratory Cell and Molecular Biology
          Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol
          American Thoracic Society
          1044-1549
          1535-4989
          July 2020
          July 2020
          : 63
          : 1
          : 15-24
          Affiliations
          [1 ]Cardiovascular Research Institute
          [2 ]Birmingham Acute Care Research Group, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom; and
          [3 ]Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
          [4 ]Department of Medicine, and
          [5 ]Department of Anesthesia, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
          Article
          10.1165/rcmb.2019-0447TR
          7328246
          32109144
          068f27d2-e6e5-4576-9307-0c5d9db5112a
          © 2020
          History

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