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      Anesthetic management of late pressure angioedema Translated title: Manejo anestésico de angioedema de pressão tardio

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          Abstract

          Abstract Background and objectives: Late pressure angioedema is a rare form of angioedema in which light pressure stimulus can lead to edema after 1-12 h. This uncommon and unreported entity is especially important in patients who undergo general anesthesia, for whom the usual harmless supine position, intravenous catheter insertion, standard monitoring, airway management and ventilation can lead to life threatening consequences as the trigger is a physical stimulus. Case report: In this report, we describe a successful perioperative anesthetic management of a 30 year old patient, proposed for intra-ocular lens insertion, with a severe form of the disease with peri-oral, tongue and limb edema presentation. Conclusion: Due to lack of quality evidence, our conduct was based on the pathophysiology mechanisms of the syndrome, histamine and pro-inflammatory cytokines release, with special focus on a careful peri-operative assessment and prophylaxis, minimization of all the possible pressure stimulus, especially in the airway structures, and a strict post-operative monitoring.

          Translated abstract

          Resumo Justificativa e objetivos: Angioedema de pressão tardio é uma forma rara de angioedema na qual um leve estímulo de compressão pode levar a edema após 1-12 horas. Essa entidade incomum e pouco relatada é especialmente importante em pacientes submetidos à anestesia geral, nos quais a habitual posição supina inofensiva, inserção intravenosa do cateter, monitoração padrão, manejo das vias aéreas e ventilação podem levar a consequências fatais, pois o gatilho é um estímulo físico. Relato de caso: Neste relato, descrevemos o manejo anestésico perioperatório bem-sucedido de um paciente de 30 anos idade, agendado para inserção de lente intraocular, com uma forma grave da doença, apresentava edema perioral, língual e nos membros. Conclusão: Devido à falta de evidências de qualidade, nossa conduta teve como base os mecanismos fisiopatológicos da síndrome, a liberação de histamina e citocinas pró-inflamatórias, com foco especial em uma avaliação cuidadosa no perioperatório e profilaxia, diminuição de todos os estímulos compressíveis possíveis, especialmente nas estruturas das vias aéreas, e um acompanhamento rigoroso no pós-operatório.

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          Delayed pressure urticaria.

          Delayed pressure urticaria is a mechanical urticaria in which pressure causes whealing. Delayed cutaneous erythema and edema occur in association with marked subcutaneous swelling after the application of a sustained pressure stimulus to the skin. The earliest reports and theories of the pathogenesis of delayed pressure urticaria are summarized. Detailed attention is given to making the diagnosis by taking a history and provoking the lesions. The clinical features and natural history are considered. The effects of the disorder on quality of life are delineated, and management strategies are suggested.
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            An overview of delayed pressure urticaria with special emphasis on pathogenesis and treatment.

            Delayed pressure urticaria (DPU) is a physical urticaria characterized by the development of deep swellings at sites of pressure application on the skin. Etiopathogenesis of DPU is still unknown, although the available evidence suggests the involvement of mast cells through non-immunologic mechanisms and the role of several mediators beyond histamine, such as proinflammatory cytokines. The management of DPU is complex, also considering that prevention is very difficult and DPU frequently coexists with chronic "idiopathic" urticaria. Moreover, H1-antihistamines, which are the mainstay of treatment for common urticaria, usually provide less satisfactory results as compared with other urticarias. Therefore, numerous treatment alternatives have been proposed for severe refractory cases, such as oral or topical corticosteroids and various drugs with anti-inflammatory effects.
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              Urticaria and angioedema: a practical approach

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                rba
                Revista Brasileira de Anestesiologia
                Rev. Bras. Anestesiol.
                Sociedade Brasileira de Anestesiologia (Campinas, SP, Brazil )
                0034-7094
                1806-907X
                July 2017
                : 67
                : 4
                : 422-425
                Affiliations
                [1] Almada orgnameHospital Garcia de Orta orgdiv1Departamento de Anestesiologia Portugal
                Article
                S0034-70942017000400422
                10.1016/j.bjane.2016.09.004
                06c1ad33-ba82-4880-b2f7-068db9e8dbb5

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 01 June 2016
                : 12 September 2016
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 5, Pages: 4
                Product

                SciELO Brazil


                Angioedema,Pressure,Airway,Pressão,Via aérea
                Angioedema, Pressure, Airway, Pressão, Via aérea

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