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      Underrepresentation by Race–Ethnicity across Stages of U.S. Science and Engineering Education

      research-article
      CBE Life Sciences Education
      American Society for Cell Biology

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          Abstract

          Differential graduation rates have the greatest impact on underrepresentation in science and engineering. Undergraduate and graduate school matriculation rates also contribute to the race-ethnicity gap. Race-ethnic differences among college freshmen's plans for a science or engineering major are small and have less impact on later outcomes.

          Abstract

          Blacks, Hispanics, and American Indians/Alaskan Natives are underrepresented in science and engineering fields. A comparison of race–ethnic differences at key transition points was undertaken to better inform education policy. National data on high school graduation, college enrollment, choice of major, college graduation, graduate school enrollment, and doctoral degrees were used to quantify the degree of underrepresentation at each level of education and the rate of transition to the next stage. Disparities are found at every level, and their impact is cumulative. For the most part, differences in graduation rates, rather than differential matriculation rates, make the largest contribution to the underrepresentation. The size, scope, and persistence of the disparities suggest that small-scale, narrowly targeted remediation will be insufficient.

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          Most cited references23

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          The Effects of Affirmative Action Bans on College Enrollment, Educational Attainment, and the Demographic Composition of Universities

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            Do Affirmative Action Bans Lower Minority College Enrollment and Attainment?: Evidence from Statewide Bans

            Ben Backes (2012)
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              Understanding the Impact of Affirmative Action Bans in Different Graduate Fields of Study

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: Monitoring Editor
                Journal
                CBE Life Sci Educ
                CBE-LSE
                CBE-LSE
                CBE-LSE
                CBE Life Sciences Education
                American Society for Cell Biology
                1931-7913
                1931-7913
                Fall 2013
                : 12
                : 3
                : 357-363
                Affiliations
                Office of Public Affairs, Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology, Bethesda, MD 20814
                Author notes
                Address correspondence to: Howard Garrison ( hgarrison@ 123456faseb.org ).
                Article
                CBE-12-12-0207
                10.1187/cbe.12-12-0207
                3763003
                24006384
                0718fca9-a57a-4f31-b347-d9b546c9bb3b
                © 2013 H. Garrison. CBE—Life Sciences Education © 2013 The American Society for Cell Biology. This article is distributed by The American Society for Cell Biology under license from the author(s). It is available to the public under an Attribution–Noncommercial–Share Alike 3.0 Unported Creative Commons License ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0).

                “ASCB®” and “The American Society for Cell Biology®” are registered trademarks of The American Society of Cell Biology.

                History
                : 11 December 2012
                : 6 May 2013
                : 8 May 2013
                Categories
                Essays
                Custom metadata
                September 4, 2013

                Education
                Education

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