E_(10), BE_(10) and Arithmetical Chaos in Superstring Cosmology

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Abstract

It is shown that the never ending oscillatory behaviour of the generic solution, near a cosmological singularity, of the massless bosonic sector of superstring theory can be described as a billiard motion within a simplex in 9-dimensional hyperbolic space. The Coxeter group of reflections of this billiard is discrete and is the Weyl group of the hyperbolic Kac-Moody algebra E\(_{10}\) (for type II) or BE\(_{10}\) (for type I or heterotic), which are both arithmetic. These results lead to a proof of the chaotic (``Anosov'') nature of the classical cosmological oscillations, and suggest a ``chaotic quantum billiard'' scenario of vacuum selection in string theory.

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Evidence for F-Theory

Cumrun Vafa (1996)

We construct compact examples of D-manifolds for type IIB strings. The construction has a natural interpretation in terms of compactification of a 12 dimensional `F-theory'. We provide evidence for a more natural reformulation of type IIB theory in terms of F-theory. Compactification of M-theory on a manifold \(K\) which admits elliptic fibration is equivalent to compactification of F-theory on \(K\times S^1\). A large class of \(N=1\) theories in 6 dimensions are obtained by compactification of F-theory on Calabi-Yau threefolds. A class of phenomenologically promising compactifications of F-theory is on \(Spin(7)\) holonomy manifolds down to 4 dimensions. This may provide a concrete realization of Witten's proposal for solving the cosmological constant problem in four dimensions.