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      Simultaneous Determination of Uric Acid and Xanthine Using a Poly(Methylene Blue) and Electrochemically Reduced Graphene Oxide Composite Film Modified Electrode

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          Abstract

          Poly(methylene blue) and electrochemically reduced graphene oxide composite film modified electrode (PMB-ERGO/GCE) was successfully fabricated by electropolymerization and was used for simultaneous determination of uric acid (UA) and xanthine (Xa). Based on the excellent electrocatalytic activity of PMB-ERGO/GCE, the electrochemical behaviors of UA and Xa were studied by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and square wave voltammetry (SWV). Two anodic sensitive peaks at 0.630 V (versus Ag/AgCl) for UA and 1.006 V (versus Ag/AgCl) for Xa were given by CV in pH 3.0 phosphate buffer. The calibration curves for UA and Xa were obtained in the range of 8.00 × 10 −8~4.00 × 10 −4 M and 1.00 × 10 −7~4.00 × 10 −4 M, respectively, by SWV. The detection limits for UA and Xa were 3.00 × 10 −8 M and 5.00 × 10 −8 M, respectively. Finally, the proposed method was applied to simultaneously determine UA and Xa in human urine with good selectivity and high sensitivity.

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          Most cited references39

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          TiO2-graphene nanocomposites. UV-assisted photocatalytic reduction of graphene oxide.

          Graphene oxide suspended in ethanol undergoes reduction as it accepts electrons from UV-irradiated TiO(2) suspensions. The reduction is accompanied by changes in the absorption of the graphene oxide, as the color of the suspension shifts from brown to black. The direct interaction between TiO(2) particles and graphene sheets hinders the collapse of exfoliated sheets of graphene. Solid films cast on a borosilicate glass gap separated by gold-sputtered terminations show an order of magnitude decrease in lateral resistance following reduction with the TiO(2) photocatalyst. The photocatalytic methodology not only provides an on-demand UV-assisted reduction technique but also opens up new ways to obtain photoactive graphene-semiconductor composites.
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            Adsorption, autoinhibition and autocatalysis in polarography and in linear potential sweep voltammetry

            E. Laviron (1974)
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              Controlled synthesis of large-area and patterned electrochemically reduced graphene oxide films.

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                J Anal Methods Chem
                J Anal Methods Chem
                JAMC
                Journal of Analytical Methods in Chemistry
                Hindawi Publishing Corporation
                2090-8865
                2090-8873
                2014
                11 November 2014
                : 2014
                : 984314
                Affiliations
                Department of Chemistry and Materials Science, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei 235000, China
                Author notes

                Academic Editor: Chih-Ching Huang

                Article
                10.1155/2014/984314
                4244694
                07660f39-35ab-4aae-a2ec-6bdd602f652c
                Copyright © 2014 Gen Liu et al.

                This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

                History
                : 29 July 2014
                : 9 October 2014
                : 19 October 2014
                Categories
                Research Article

                Analytical chemistry
                Analytical chemistry

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