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      Baricitinib y tofacitinib en pacientes con artritis reumatoide: resultados de práctica clínica habitual Translated title: Baricitinib and tofacitinib in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: results of regular clinical practice

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          Abstract

          Resumen Objetivo: Objetivo principal: describir la efectividad y seguridad de baricitinib y tofacitinib en pacientes diagnosticados de artritis reumatoide en nuestro centro. Objetivo secundario: analizar si existen diferencias entre ambos fármacos en práctica clínica real. Método: Estudio observacional retrospectivo de 2 años de duración que incluyó pacientes diagnosticados de artritis reumatoide en tratamiento con baricitinib o tofacitinib en nuestro centro durante al menos 6 meses. Bases de datos: historia clínica electrónica, aplicativo informático de dispensación a pacientes externos. Variables recogidas: demográficas, factores de mal pronóstico, tratamiento previo, duración de tratamiento, tratamiento concomitante, escala DAS28, número de articulaciones inflamadas y dolorosas, escala visual analógica del dolor, suspensión del tratamiento y reacciones adversas. Evaluación de la efectividad: disminución en la escala DAS28, articulaciones inflamadas y dolorosas y escala visual analógica del dolor a los 6 y 12 meses de iniciado el tratamiento. Evaluación de la seguridad: detección de reacciones adversas. Análisis estadístico: prueba t-student. Resultados: Se evaluaron 44 pacientes, 20 (70% mujeres) recibieron tratamiento con baricitinib, 24 (95,8% mujeres) con tofacitinib. Baricitinib redujo la puntuación en la escala DAS28 en 2,3 y 1,7 a los 6 y 12 meses. Tofacitinib en 2 y 1,9 respectivamente. Baricitinib redujo el número de articulaciones inflamadas y dolorosas en 7 a los 6 y 12 meses, tofacitinib en 4 las inflamadas y 6 las dolorosas. Baricitinib redujo la puntuación en la escala visual analógica del dolor en 7,8 y 6,8; tofacitinib en 5 y 6 a los 6 y 12 meses. El 40% de los pacientes con baricitinib y el 62,5% con tofacitinib precisaron tratamiento con corticoides. El 10% de los pacientes con baricitinib y el 25% de los pacientes con tofacitinib suspendieron el tratamiento por ineficacia. El 10% de los pacientes de baricitinib y el 12,5% de tofacitinib experimentaron reacciones adversas. Sólo un paciente de cada grupo suspendió el tratamiento por reacciones adversas. No se observaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre ambos fármacos. Conclusiones: Según nuestros resultados, baricitinib y tofacitinib han demostrado ser efectivos y seguros en todas las variables analizadas. Además, ambos fármacos resultaron similares en efectividad y seguridad en la práctica clínica habitual del tratamiento de la artritis reumatoide.

          Translated abstract

          Abstract Objective: Main objective: Describe the effectiveness and safety of baricitinib and tofacitinib in patients diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis in our hospital. Secondary objective: Analyse whether there are differences between the two drugs in routine clinical practice. Method: Two-year retrospective study of patients diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis treated in our hospital with baricitinib and tofacitinib for at least 6 months. Databases: Electronic medical record and outpatient medication dispensing software. Variables collected: Demographic variables, poor prognosis factors, previous treatment, duration of treatment, concomitant treatment, DAS28, number of swollen and painful joints, pain visual analogy scale, treatment discontinuation, and adverse reactions. Effectiveness evaluation: Decreases in the DAS28 scale, the number of swollen and painful joints, and the pain Visual Analogy Scale at 6 months and 12 months after starting treatment. Safety evaluation: Detection of adverse reactions. Statistical analysis: Student t-test. Results: A total of 44 patients were evaluated. Of these, 20 (70% women) received treatment with baricitinib and 24 (95.8% women) received tofacitinib. Baricitinib reduced the DAS28 by 2.3 and 1.7 at 6 months and 12 months, respectively, and tofacitinib reduced the scale by 2 and 1.9 at 6 months and 12 months, respectively. Baricitinib reduced the number of swollen and painful joints by 7 at both 6 months and 12 months, and tofacitinib reduced the number of swollen and painful joints by 4 and 6 at 6 months and 12 months, respectively. Baricitinib reduced the Visual Analogy Scale score by 7.8 and 6.8 at 6 months and 12 months, respectively, and tofacitinib reduced the score by 5 and 6 at 6 months and 12 months, respectively. Corticosteroid treatment was needed in 40% of patients treated with baricitinib and 62.5% of patients treated with tofacitinib. Treatment was discontinued due to loss of effectiveness in 10% of patients receiving baricitinib and 25% of patients treated with tofacitinib. Adverse reactions were experienced by 10% of patients treated with baricitinib and 12.5% of patients treated with tofacitinib. Adverse reactions led to treatment discontinuation in only 1 patient in each group. No statistically significant differences were observed between the two drugs. Conclusions: The results show that baricitinib and tofacitinib were effective and safe in relation to all the variables analysed. Moreover, both drugs were similar in terms of effectiveness and safety for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis in real-world clinical practice.

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          Clinical efficacy of launched JAK inhibitors in rheumatoid arthritis

          Abstract Tofacitinib and baricitinib are the first orally available, small-molecule inhibitors of Janus kinase (JAK) enzymes to be approved for the treatment of RA. Tofacitinib is a selective JAK1, 3 inhibitor with less activity against JAK2 and TYK2 and baricitinib is a selective, oral JAK1, 2 inhibitor with moderate activity against TYK2 and significantly less activity against JAK3. Both drugs have undergone extensive phase III clinical trials in RA and demonstrated rapid improvements in disease activity, function and patient-reported outcomes as well as disease modification. Tofacitinib 5 mg bd, was approved by the Federal Drug Administration in 2012 for the treatment of RA in patients who are intolerant or unresponsive to MTX. An extended release formulation for the treatment of RA was approved by Federal Drug Administration in 2016. In 2017 the European Medicines Agency approved tofacitinib 5 mg bd in combination with MTX and baricitinib 4 mg and 2 mg once daily for the treatment of moderate to severe active RA in adult patients who are intolerant or unresponsive to one or more conventional synthetic DMARDs.
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            Effectiveness, Tolerability, and Safety of Tofacitinib in Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Retrospective Analysis of Real-World Data from the St. Gallen and Aarau Cohorts

            Introduction: Tofacitinib is an oral JAK inhibitor indicated for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The efficacy and safety of tofacitinib have been shown in several randomized clinical trials. The study presented here aimed to assess the clinical tolerability and effectiveness of tofacitinib among RA patients in real life. Methods: Consecutive patients between January 2015 and April 2017 with RA who fulfilled the American College of Rheumatology (ACR)/European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR) 2010 criteria were included in a prospectively designed analysis of retrospective data. Patients were initiated on tofacitinib 5 mg bid. The primary objective was to analyze the safety of tofacitinib in a real-life cohort. Safety was assessed by the reasons to stop tofacitinib during follow up and changes of liver enzymes, hemoglobin, and creatinine. The secondary outcome was to analyze the frequency of and time to achieve low disease activity (LDA) and remission as defined by 28 joint count disease activity score (DAS28). Results: A total of 144 patients were treated with tofacitinib. A total of 84.9% of patients were pre-exposed to at least one biological agent. The average DAS28 at the initiation of tofacitinib was 4.43. A total of 50.0% of patients were positive for rheumatoid factor and 49.0% for ACPA. The mean follow up was 1.22 years (range 10d–3.7a) after initiation of tofacitinib treatment. A total of 94 (64.4%) patients remained on tofacitinib during follow-up. The average time to stop tofacitinib was 190.0 days. Reasons to stop tofacitinib were: insufficient response (n = 23), gastrointestinal symptoms (n = 18), infection (n = 5), myalgia (n = 2), remission (n = 2), headache (n = 2), cough, blue finger syndrome, intolerance, heartburn, psoriasis, and increased liver enzymes (all n = 1). Increased alanine amino transferase (ALAT) or aspartate amino transferase (ASAT) > 2× upper limit of normal (ULN) were detected in 3.3% and 4.4% of patients, respectively. Hemoglobin decrease of >10% was detected in 15.1% of the patients and decreased lymphocytes 20% was detected in 9.4% of patients. A total of 62.9% and 50.0% of the patients achieved low disease activity (LDA) or remission after a median of 319 and 645 days, respectively. These rates were significantly higher in patients naïve to biologic agents as compared to patients pre-exposed to biologics (LDA: naïve 100% 92 d, pre-exposed 57.0% 434 d, p ≤ 0.001; remission: naïve 86.7% 132 d, pre-exposed 44.1%, 692 d, p = 0.001). Conclusions: Tofacitinib is a safe and effective treatment option for patients with RA. Tofacitinib may induce high rates of LDA and remission in patients with active disease, even after the use of one or more biologics, though the rate appeared higher in patients naïve to biologics. Tofacitinib may be a valuable option in a treat-to-target approach. Our data demonstrate that Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors are safe and efficacious in real life patients.
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              Efficacy and safety of baricitinib in 446 patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a real-life multicentre study.

              Baricitinib, an oral Janus kinase (JAK) 1-2 inhibitor, is currently used along biologic DMARDs (bDMARDs) after the failure of methotrexate (MTX) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). We investigated the efficacy and safety of baricitinib in real life.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                fh
                Farmacia Hospitalaria
                Farm Hosp.
                Grupo Aula Médica (Toledo, Toledo, Spain )
                1130-6343
                2171-8695
                August 2021
                : 45
                : 4
                : 165-169
                Affiliations
                [1] Pontevedra orgnameComplejo Hospitalario Universitario de Pontevedra orgdiv1Servicio de Farmacia España
                [2] orgnameFundación Biomédica Galicia Sur orgdiv1Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Galicia España
                Article
                S1130-63432021000400003 S1130-6343(21)04500400003
                10.7399/fh.11586
                34218760
                07bbbe9f-3ce6-42f5-9ad1-de237ffacfba

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 31 October 2020
                : 29 March 2021
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 21, Pages: 5
                Product

                SciELO Spain

                Categories
                Originales

                Drug safety,Adverse reactions,Janus kinase inhibitors,Tofacitinib,Baricitinib,Drug effectivity,Artritis Reumatoide,Tratamiento,Inhibidores JAK Kinasa,Efectividad,Seguridad,Reacciones adversas,Rheumatoid arthritis,Drug therapy

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