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      Two-dimensional nanosecond electric field mapping based on cell electropermeabilization

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          Abstract

          Nanosecond, megavolt-per-meter electric pulses cause permeabilization of cells to small molecules, programmed cell death (apoptosis) in tumor cells, and are under evaluation as a treatment for skin cancer. We use nanoelectroporation and fluorescence imaging to construct two-dimensional maps of the electric field associated with delivery of 15 ns, 10 kV pulses to monolayers of the human prostate cancer cell line PC3 from three different electrode configurations: single-needle, five-needle, and flat-cut coaxial cable. Influx of the normally impermeant fluorescent dye YO-PRO-1 serves as a sensitive indicator of membrane permeabilization. The level of fluorescence emission after pulse exposure is proportional to the applied electric field strength. Spatial electric field distributions were compared in a plane normal to the center axis and 15-20 μm from the tip of the center electrode. Measurement results agree well with models for the three electrode arrangements evaluated in this study. This live-cell method for measuring a nanosecond pulsed electric field distribution provides an operationally meaningful calibration of electrode designs for biological applications and permits visualization of the relative sensitivities of different cell types to nanoelectropulse stimulation. PACS Codes: 87.85.M-

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          Author and article information

          Journal
          PMC Biophys
          PMC Biophysics
          BioMed Central
          1757-5036
          2009
          11 November 2009
          : 2
          : 9
          Affiliations
          [1 ]Mork Family Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
          [2 ]Ming Hsieh Department of Electrical Engineering-Electrophysics, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
          [3 ]MOSIS, Information Sciences Institute, University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, CA 90292, USA
          Article
          1757-5036-2-9
          10.1186/1757-5036-2-9
          2779789
          19903362
          0846cf9a-40d3-4cad-afa2-a5f54896756e
          Copyright ©2009 Chen et al

          This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

          History
          : 27 April 2009
          : 11 November 2009
          Categories
          Research article

          Biophysics
          Biophysics

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