11
views
0
recommends
+1 Recommend
0 collections
    0
    shares
      • Record: found
      • Abstract: found
      • Article: found
      Is Open Access

      Intermittent fasting increases the expressions of SODs and catalase in granule and polymorphic cells and enhances neuroblast dendrite complexity and maturation in the adult gerbil dentate gyrus

      research-article

      Read this article at

      Bookmark
          There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

          Abstract

          Intermittent fasting (ImF) is known to reduce oxidative stress and affects adult neurogenesis in the hippocampal dentate gyrus. However, it is unknown how ImF affects endogenous antioxidants expressions, cell proliferation, and neuroblast differentiation and their dendrite remodeling over 3 months in the dentate gyrus of adult gerbils. The present study subjected 6-month old male gerbils to a normal diet or alternate-day ImF for 1, 2 and 3 months. Changes in body weight were not significantly different between gerbils fed a normal diet and on ImF. The present study also investigated the effects of ImF on antioxidant enzymes [superoxide dismutase (SOD)-1, SOD2 and catalase] using immunohistochemistry, and endogenous cell proliferation, neuroblast differentiation and neuroblast dendrite complexity by using Ki67 (a cell proliferation marker) and doublecortin (neuroblast differentiation marker) immunohistochemistry in the dentate gyrus. SOD1, SOD2 and CAT immunoreactivities were shown in cells in the granule cell and polymorphic layers. SOD1, SOD2 and catalase immunoreactivity in the cells peaked at 2, 1 and 1 month, respectively, following ImF. Cell proliferation was ~250, 129 and 186% of the control, at 1, 2 and 3 months of ImF, respectively. Neuroblast differentiation was ~41, 32 and 12% of the control, at 1, 2 and 3 months of ImF, respectively, indicating that dendrites of neuroblasts were more arborized and developed at 3 months of ImF. Taken together, these results indicate that ImF for 3 months improves endogenous SOD1, SOD2 and catalase expressions and enhances cell proliferation, and neuroblast dendrites complexity and maturation in the adult gerbil dentate gyrus.

          Related collections

          Most cited references25

          • Record: found
          • Abstract: found
          • Article: not found

          Superoxide dismutase multigene family: a comparison of the CuZn-SOD (SOD1), Mn-SOD (SOD2), and EC-SOD (SOD3) gene structures, evolution, and expression.

          Superoxide dismutases are an ubiquitous family of enzymes that function to efficiently catalyze the dismutation of superoxide anions. Three unique and highly compartmentalized mammalian superoxide dismutases have been biochemically and molecularly characterized to date. SOD1, or CuZn-SOD (EC 1.15.1.1), was the first enzyme to be characterized and is a copper and zinc-containing homodimer that is found almost exclusively in intracellular cytoplasmic spaces. SOD2, or Mn-SOD (EC 1.15.1.1), exists as a tetramer and is initially synthesized containing a leader peptide, which targets this manganese-containing enzyme exclusively to the mitochondrial spaces. SOD3, or EC-SOD (EC 1.15.1.1), is the most recently characterized SOD, exists as a copper and zinc-containing tetramer, and is synthesized containing a signal peptide that directs this enzyme exclusively to extracellular spaces. What role(s) these SODs play in both normal and disease states is only slowly beginning to be understood. A molecular understanding of each of these genes has proven useful toward the deciphering of their biological roles. For example, a variety of single amino acid mutations in SOD1 have been linked to familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Knocking out the SOD2 gene in mice results in a lethal cardiomyopathy. A single amino acid mutation in human SOD3 is associated with 10 to 30-fold increases in serum SOD3 levels. As more information is obtained, further insights will be gained.
            Bookmark
            • Record: found
            • Abstract: found
            • Article: not found

            Diversity of structures and properties among catalases.

            More than 300 catalase sequences are now available, divided among monofunctional catalases (> 225), bifunctional catalase-peroxidases (> 50) and manganese-containing catalases (> 25). When combined with the recent appearance of crystal structures from at least two representatives from each of these groups (nine from the monofunctional catalases), valuable insights into the catalatic reaction mechanism in its various forms and into catalase evolution have been gained. The structures have revealed an unusually large number of modifications unique to catalases, a result of interacting with reactive oxygen species. Biochemical and physiological characterization of catalases from many different organisms has revealed a surprisingly wide range of catalatic efficiencies, despite similar sequences. Catalase gene expression in micro-organisms generally is controlled either by sensors of reactive oxygen species or by growth phase regulons, although the detailed mechanisms vary considerably.
              Bookmark
              • Record: found
              • Abstract: found
              • Article: not found

              Evidence that brain-derived neurotrophic factor is required for basal neurogenesis and mediates, in part, the enhancement of neurogenesis by dietary restriction in the hippocampus of adult mice.

              To determine the role of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the enhancement of hippocampal neurogenesis resulting from dietary restriction (DR), heterozygous BDNF knockout (BDNF +/-) mice and wild-type mice were maintained for 3 months on DR or ad libitum (AL) diets. Mice were then injected with bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) and killed either 1 day or 4 weeks later. Levels of BDNF protein in neurons throughout the hippocampus were decreased in BDNF +/- mice, but were increased by DR in wild-type mice and to a lesser amount in BDNF +/- mice. One day after BrdU injection the number of BrdU-labeled cells in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus was significantly decreased in BDNF +/- mice maintained on the AL diet, suggesting that BDNF signaling is important for proliferation of neural stem cells. DR had no effect on the proliferation of neural stem cells in wild-type or BDNF +/- mice. Four weeks after BrdU injection, numbers of surviving labeled cells were decreased in BDNF +/- mice maintained on either AL or DR diets. DR significantly improved survival of newly generated cells in wild-type mice, and also improved their survival in BDNF +/- mice, albeit to a lesser extent. The majority of BrdU-labeled cells in the dentate gyrus exhibited a neuronal phenotype at the 4-week time point. The reduced neurogenesis in BDNF +/- mice was associated with a significant reduction in the volume of the dentate gyrus. These findings suggest that BDNF plays an important role in the regulation of the basal level of neurogenesis in dentate gyrus of adult mice, and that by promoting the survival of newly generated neurons BDNF contributes to the enhancement of neurogenesis induced by DR.
                Bookmark

                Author and article information

                Journal
                Mol Med Rep
                Mol Med Rep
                Molecular Medicine Reports
                D.A. Spandidos
                1791-2997
                1791-3004
                March 2019
                04 January 2019
                04 January 2019
                : 19
                : 3
                : 1721-1727
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24252, Republic of Korea
                [2 ]Danchunok Company, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24210, Republic of Korea
                [3 ]Department of Neurobiology, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24341, Republic of Korea
                [4 ]Department of Occupational Therapy, Dongnam Health University, Suwon, Gyeonggi 16238, Republic of Korea
                [5 ]Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Dankook University, Cheonan, Chungcheongnam 31116, Republic of Korea
                [6 ]Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
                [7 ]Department of Physiology, College of Medicine and Institute of Neurodegeneration and Neuroregeneration, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24252, Republic of Korea
                Author notes
                Correspondence to: Professor Moo-Ho Won, Department of Neurobiology, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, 1 Gangwondaehak, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24341, Republic of Korea, E-mail: mhwon@ 123456kangwon.ac.kr
                Professor Yun Lyul Lee, Department of Physiology, College of Medicine and Institute of Neurodegeneration and Neuroregeneration, Hallym University, 1 Hallymdaehak, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24252, Republic of Korea, E-mail: yylee@ 123456hallym.ac.kr
                [*]

                Contributed equally

                Article
                mmr-19-03-1721
                10.3892/mmr.2019.9822
                6390044
                30628688
                087c17c8-cdc5-49f9-b129-292ffcb411ad
                Copyright: © Ahn et al.

                This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non-commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.

                History
                : 05 September 2018
                : 31 December 2018
                Categories
                Articles

                intermittent fasting,superoxide dismutase,catalase,cell proliferation,neuroblast differentiation,dentate gyrus

                Comments

                Comment on this article