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      El efecto del fuego en la riqueza de especies de hongos micorrizógenos arbusculares asociada a plantas de matorral xerófilo en el Parque Ecológico "Cubitos" Translated title: Fire effect on arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi species richness associated with plants of desert scrubland in the Eco Park "Cubitos"

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          Abstract

          Los hongos micorrizógenos arbusculares (HMA) son esenciales para el funcionamiento de los ecosistemas, entre ellos, los áridos y semiáridos. Esta investigación evaluó el efecto del fuego sobre la riqueza de especies de HMA asociada a Cylindropuntia imbricata , Mimosa biuncifera y Zaluziana augusta. En el Parque Ecológico "Cubitos" de Pachuca, Hidalgo, se seleccionaron dos matorrales xerófilos: i) conservado y ii) perturbado por un incendio forestal. En cada matorral y de tres individuos de C. imbricata , M. biuncifera , Z. augusta y en áreas abiertas (AA) libres de plantas, se recolectaron muestras de suelo (1 kg) para la extracción de esporas y determinar la riqueza taxonómica de HMA por género y especie, así como la humedad y pH del suelo. Con un análisis de varianza, similitud y correspondencia se analizaron estas variables. La riqueza de HMA consistió de once morfo-especies distribuidas en seis familias. M. biuncifera en el sitio conservado presentó la mayor riqueza de HMA a nivel de género (6) y especie (6) y en el sitio perturbado fue C. imbricata con cuatro géneros y seis especies. El fuego redujo la riqueza de especies de HMA en un 50, 25 y 50% en M. biuncifera , Z. augusta y en las AA, respectivamente; mientras que, en C. imbricata se incrementó en un 34%. La familia Gigasporaceae sólo estuvo asociada a M. biuncifera y Z. augusta en la condición conservada. El análisis de correspondencia sugiere que la identidad de la especie vegetal afecta la composición de especies de HMA.

          Translated abstract

          Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are essential for the functioning of ecosystems, including arid and semiarid. This research evaluated fire effect on AMF species richness associated with Cylindropuntia imbricata , Mimosa biuncifera and Zaluziana augusta. In the Eco Park "Cubitos" in Pachuca, Hidalgo, two xeric shrublands were selected: i) conserved and ii) disturbed by wildfire. At each site and in three individuals of C. imbricata , M. biuncifera , Z. augusta and open areas (OA, no plants), soil samples (1 kg) were collected to determine the taxonomic richness of AMF by genus and specie, as well as soil humidity and pH. These variables were analyzed with a variance, similarity and correspondence analysis. The AMF richness consisted of eleven species grouped in six families. M. biuncifera in the preserved site had the highest richness of AMF to genus (6) and species (6), whereas in the disturbed site was C. imbricata with four genus and six species. Wildfire reduced the AMF species richness 50, 25 and 50% in M. biuncifera , Z. augusta and OA, respectively; while in C. imbricata increased 34%. Gigasporaceae family was only associated with M. biuncifera and Z. augusta in the preserved condition. Correspondence analysis suggests that the identity of the plant specie affects species composition of AMF.

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          Mycorrhizal associations and other means of nutrition of vascular plants: understanding the global diversity of host plants by resolving conflicting information and developing reliable means of diagnosis

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            Mycorrhizal fungal diversity determines plant biodiversity, ecosystem variability and productivity

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              Resource stoichiometry elucidates the structure and function of arbuscular mycorrhizas across scales.

              Despite the fact that arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) associations are among the most ancient, abundant and important symbioses in terrestrial ecosystems, there are currently few unifying theories that can be used to help understand the factors that control their structure and function. This review explores how a stoichiometric perspective facilitates integration of three complementary ecological and evolutionary models of mycorrhizal structure and function. AM symbiotic function should be governed by the relative availability of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus (trade balance model) and allocation to plant and fungal structures should depend on the availabilities of these resources (functional equilibrium model). Moreover, in an evolutionary framework, communities of plants and AM fungi are predicted to adapt to each other and their local soil environment (co-adaptation model). Anthropogenic enrichment of essential resources in the environment is known to impact AM symbioses. A more predictive theory of AM structure and function will help us to better understand how these impacts may influence plant communities and ecosystem properties.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                tip
                TIP. Revista especializada en ciencias químico-biológicas
                TIP
                Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Facultad de Estudios Superiores, Plantel Zaragoza (México, DF, Mexico )
                1405-888X
                2015
                : 18
                : 2
                : 107-115
                Affiliations
                [1] México orgnameUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de México orgdiv1Facultad de Estudios Superiores Zaragoza orgdiv2Unidad de Investigación en Ecología Vegetal Mexico
                [2] México orgnameUniversidad Autónoma Metropolitana orgdiv1División de Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud orgdiv2Departamento de Biología Mexico
                Article
                S1405-888X2015000200107 S1405-888X(15)01800200107
                089cd3c0-4dc8-47bd-8c30-0a72b226f827

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

                History
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 47, Pages: 9
                Product

                SciELO Mexico

                Categories
                Artículos originales

                resource islands,Cylindropuntia imbricata,Zaluziana augusta,simbiosis micorrícica,islas de recursos,Mimosa biuncifera,semi-arid ecosystems,ecosistemas semiáridos,soil biology,mycorrhizal symbiosis,biología del suelo

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