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      Análisis de eficacia de la rigotomía asociada a injerto graso para mejorar cicatrices Translated title: Analysis of the effectiveness of rigottomy associated with far graft to improve scars

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          Abstract

          Resumen Introducción y objetivo. Las cicatrices pueden tener en los individuos profundas repercusiones funcionales, cosméticas y psicosociales. En contraposición al tratamiento actual de escisión quirúrgica, el injerto autólogo de grasa no produciría nuevas cicatrices visibles ni agrandaría las actuales, logrando así mejores resultados. Se propuso aquí analizar la efectividad del injerto autólogo de grasa asociado a rigotomía para el tratamiento de las cicatrices inestéticas. Material y método. Estudio experimental, longitudinal y prospectivo. Participaron mujeres y hombres adultos (n=32) que concurrieron durante 2013-2017 a la Clínica de Cirugía Estética y Reparadora Dr. Mottura y al Instituto Modelo de Ginecología y Obstetricia (IMGO) en Córdoba, Argentina. Se recolectó grasa por aspiración manual y central, se dejó decantar y se utilizó la grasa sobrenadante. Se liberaron las adherencias cutáneo-aponeuróticas por medio de rigotomía y se llevó a cabo el injerto graso a nivel de la lesión con cánula roma llenando la depresión. Valoramos la satisfacción de pacientes y cirujanos intervinientes respecto a la apariencia de las cicatrices antes de la intervención y 3 meses después, a través de una escala analógica visual. Aplicamos el test de ANOVA para analizar cambios en la satisfacción pre y postratamiento quirúrgico y un modelo de regresión lineal multivariado para analizar la asociación entre el nivel de satisfacción postratamiento el tamaño original de la lesión. Resultados En los pacientes, el nivel de satisfacción pre y postratamiento fue diferente de manera estadísticamente significativa (p<0.0001), al igual que en los médicos (p<0.0001). Las cicatrices deprimidas presentaron mejor evolución que las no deprimidas (p<0.0021. Observamos una asociación inversa estadísticamente significativa entre el tamaño de la cicatriz y la puntuación postratamiento en pacientes (β=-0.03, IC 95% 0.06-0.001, p=0.039). Conclusiones En nuestra experiencia, el injerto autólogo de grasa asociado a rigotomía constituye una estrategia terapéutica quirúrgica efectiva para la corrección de cicatrices inestéticas.

          Translated abstract

          Abstract Background and objective. Scars may have functional, cosmetic and psychosocial implications on individuals. Current treatment through surgical excision does not always bring satisfactory results and also, it represents a new wound and could promote an abnormal healing process. In contrast, the autologous fat grafting associated with rigottomy would not produce new visible scars with better results. The objective of our study was to analyze the effectiveness of the autologous fat grafting associated with rigottomy for the treatment of unaesthetic scars. Methods An experimental, prospective, longitudinal study was carried on. Participants were adult women and men (n=32) who attended between 2013-2017 the Clinic of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Dr. Mottura and the Model Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, (IMGO), in Córdoba, Argentina. Fat was collected by manual and central aspiration. The obtained material was decanting and the supernatant fat was employed. Aponeurotic skin adhesions were released by rigottomy and fat graft was held on the injury with blunt cannula. Satisfaction level about scars appearance of patients and surgeons was assessed before and after intervention, by a visual analogue scale. ANOVA test was used to analyze changes in satisfaction level. A multivariate linear regression model was developed to analyze the association between the level of post treatment satisfaction and the original size of the lesion. Results In our experience with patients, the level of pre and post treatment satisfaction was statistically significantly different (p<0.0001), as well as in surgeons (p<0.0001). The depressed scars presented a better evolution than the non-depressed scars (p<0.0021) and a statistically significant inverse association was observed between scar size and post treatment satisfaction score in patients (β = -0.03, 95% CI, 0.06-0.001, p=0.039). Conclusions Autologous fat grafting associated with rigottomy is an effective therapeutic strategy for surgical correction of unaesthetic scars.

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          Clinical treatment of radiotherapy tissue damage by lipoaspirate transplant: a healing process mediated by adipose-derived adult stem cells.

          There is evidence that stem cells contribute to the restoration of tissue vascularization and organ function. The objective of this study was to assess the presence of adipose-derived adult stem cells left in their natural scaffold in the purified lipoaspirate and to assess the clinical effectiveness of lipoaspirate transplantation in the treatment of radiation side effects. This study was designed beginning with surgical procedures in 2002 and envisaging a continuous patient follow-up to 31 months. Twenty consecutive patients undergoing therapy for side effects of radiation treatment with severe symptoms or irreversible function damage (LENT-SOMA scale grade 3 and 4) were enrolled. Purified autologous lipoaspirates (60 to 120 cc) taken from a healthy donor site were administered by repeated low-invasive computer-assisted injection. Therapy outcomes were assessed by symptoms classification according to the LENT-SOMA scale, cytofluorimetric characterization, and ultrastructural evaluation of targeted tissue. In the isolated stromal vascular fraction of 2 cc of human lipoaspirate, cells with mesenchymal stem cell physical properties and immunophenotype were in average 1.07 +/- 0.5 percent (n = 4), with a clonogenic fraction of 0.139 percent. At least 1.02 x 10(3) colony-forming units-fibroblast were present in each lipoaspirate. Ultrastructure of target tissue systematically exhibited progressive regeneration, including neovessel formation and improved hydration. Clinical outcomes led to a systematic improvement or remission of symptoms in all evaluated patients, including otherwise untreatable patients exhibiting initial irreversible functional damage. This surgical procedure is a low-invasive therapeutic approach for resolving the late side effects of radiotherapy. According to the proposed hypothesis of the ischemic nature of radiolesions, treatment with lipoaspirate transplantation is potentially extended to other forms of microangiopathies.
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            Current Clinical Applications of Fat Grafting

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              Megavolume autologous fat transfer: part I. Theory and principles.

              This article describes the theory and principles behind the authors' success in megavolume (250-ml range) autologous fat transfer to the breasts. When large volumes are grafted into a tight space, the interstitial fluid pressure increases to impair capillary blood flow and the crowded graft droplets coalesce into lakes, with poor graft-to-recipient interface. These factors have historically restricted the volume of fat that can be grafted into small recipient breasts. The decreased interface increases the distance oxygen must diffuse to reach the grafted adipocytes, causing central necrosis to occur before neovascularization. The increased interstitial fluid pressure reduces capillary radius, reducing oxygen delivery to grafted adipose tissue. The Brava external expansion device harnesses the regenerative capabilities of mechanical forces to preoperatively increase the volume and vascularity of the recipient site, allowing megavolumes of fat to be grafted diffusely without significantly decreasing graft-to-recipient interface or increasing interstitial fluid pressure. The application of these principles has allowed the authors to successfully graft megavolumes of fat into the breasts of over 1000 patients with substantial long-term retention.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                cpil
                Cirugía Plástica Ibero-Latinoamericana
                Cir. plást. iberolatinoam.
                Sociedad Española de Cirugía Plástica, Reparadora y Estética (SECPRE) (Madrid, Madrid, Spain )
                0376-7892
                1989-2055
                March 2021
                : 47
                : 1
                : 87-94
                Affiliations
                [1] Córdoba orgnameClínica de Cirugía Estética y Reparadora Dr. Mottura Argentina
                Article
                S0376-78922021000100087 S0376-7892(21)04700100087
                10.4321/s0376-78922021000100012
                08e0ef2e-07cf-4a96-9af0-4a95c96c5963

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 15 September 2020
                : 31 November 2020
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 22, Pages: 8
                Product

                SciELO Spain

                Categories
                Reconstructiva

                Rigotomía,Injerto autólogo de grasa,Cicatrices,Rigottomy,Autologous fat grafting,Scars

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