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      High dietary protein decreases fat deposition induced by high-fat and high-sucrose diet in rats.

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          Abstract

          High-protein diets are known to reduce adiposity in the context of high carbohydrate and Western diets. However, few studies have investigated the specific high-protein effect on lipogenesis induced by a high-sucrose (HS) diet or fat deposition induced by high-fat feeding. We aimed to determine the effects of high protein intake on the development of fat deposition and partitioning in response to high-fat and/or HS feeding. A total of thirty adult male Wistar rats were assigned to one of the six dietary regimens with low and high protein, sucrose and fat contents for 5 weeks. Body weight (BW) and food intake were measured weekly. Oral glucose tolerance tests and meal tolerance tests were performed after 4th and 5th weeks of the regimen, respectively. At the end of the study, the rats were killed 2 h after ingestion of a calibrated meal. Blood, tissues and organs were collected for analysis of circulating metabolites and hormones, body composition and mRNA expression in the liver and adipose tissues. No changes were observed in cumulative energy intake and BW gain after 5 weeks of dietary treatment. However, high-protein diets reduced by 20 % the adiposity gain induced by HS and high-sucrose high-fat (HS-HF) diets. Gene expression and transcriptomic analysis suggested that high protein intake reduced liver capacity for lipogenesis by reducing mRNA expressions of fatty acid synthase (fasn), acetyl-CoA carboxylase a and b (Acaca and Acacb) and sterol regulatory element binding transcription factor 1c (Srebf-1c). Moreover, ketogenesis, as indicated by plasma β-hydroxybutyrate levels, was higher in HS-HF-fed mice that were also fed high protein levels. Taken together, these results suggest that high-protein diets may reduce adiposity by inhibiting lipogenesis and stimulating ketogenesis in the liver.

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          Author and article information

          Journal
          Br. J. Nutr.
          The British journal of nutrition
          1475-2662
          0007-1145
          Oct 28 2015
          : 114
          : 8
          Affiliations
          [1 ] 1INRA,CRNH-IdF,UMR914 Nutrition Physiology and Ingestive Behavior,Paris F-75005,France.
          [2 ] 3Nutrition, Metabolism and Genomics Group,Division of Human Nutrition,Wageningen University,6703 HD Wageningen,The Netherlands.
          Article
          S000711451500238X
          10.1017/S000711451500238X
          26285832
          09142fc5-5909-42bd-867c-57304e071237
          History

          AA amino acid,AT adipose tissue,BW body weight,FA fatty acid,Fasn fatty acid synthase,Fat deposition,HF high fat,HP high protein intake,HS high sucrose,High protein intake,Liver lipogenesis,Liver transcriptomic,NP normal protein,POMC pro-opiomelanocortin,analysis,β-HB β-hydroxybutyrate

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