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      Big-Bang Nucleosynthesis

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          Abstract

          A critical review is given of the current status of cosmological nucleosynthesis. In the framework of the Standard Model with 3 types of relativistic neutrinos, the baryon-to-photon ratio, \(\eta\), corresponding to the inferred primordial abundances of deuterium and helium-4 is consistent with the independent determination of \(\eta\) from observations of anisotropies in the cosmic microwave background. However the primordial abundance of lithium-7 inferred from observations is significantly below its expected value. Taking systematic uncertainties in the abundance estimates into account, there is overall concordance in the range \(\eta = (5.7-6.7)\times 10^{-10}\) at 95% CL (corresponding to a cosmological baryon density \(\Omega_B h^2 = 0.021 - 0.025\)). The D and He-4 abundances, when combined with the CMB determination of \(\eta\), provide the bound \(N_\nu=3.28 \pm 0.28\) on the effective number of neutrino species. Other constraints on new physics are discussed briefly.

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          Author and article information

          Journal
          03 December 2014
          Article
          10.1088/1674-1137/38/9/090001
          1412.1408
          09211f73-5f2a-49c8-84b9-41751a1ab42b

          http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/

          History
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          Chin. Phys. C38 (2014) 339-344
          15 pages, 1 (new) figure; mini-review in the Review of Particle Physics 2014 by the Particle Data Group (http://pdg.lbl.gov/)
          astro-ph.CO

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