17
views
0
recommends
+1 Recommend
0 collections
    0
    shares
      • Record: found
      • Abstract: not found
      • Article: not found

      Polyvictimization in childhood and its adverse impacts across the lifespan: Introduction to the special issue

      1 , 2
      Journal of Trauma & Dissociation
      Informa UK Limited

      Read this article at

      ScienceOpenPublisherPubMed
      Bookmark
          There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

          Related collections

          Most cited references57

          • Record: found
          • Abstract: found
          • Article: not found

          Emotion modulation in PTSD: Clinical and neurobiological evidence for a dissociative subtype.

          In this article, the authors present evidence regarding a dissociative subtype of PTSD, with clinical and neurobiological features that can be distinguished from nondissociative PTSD. The dissociative subtype is characterized by overmodulation of affect, while the more common undermodulated type involves the predominance of reexperiencing and hyperarousal symptoms. This article focuses on the neural manifestations of the dissociative subtype in PTSD and compares it to those underlying the reexperiencing/hyperaroused subtype. A model that includes these two types of emotion dysregulation in PTSD is described. In this model, reexperiencing/hyperarousal reactivity is viewed as a form of emotion dysregulation that involves emotional undermodulation, mediated by failure of prefrontal inhibition of limbic regions. In contrast, the dissociative subtype of PTSD is described as a form of emotion dysregulation that involves emotional overmodulation mediated by midline prefrontal inhibition of the same limbic regions. Both types of modulation are involved in a dynamic interplay and lead to alternating symptom profiles in PTSD. These findings have important implications for treatment of PTSD, including the need to assess patients with PTSD for dissociative symptoms and to incorporate the treatment of dissociative symptoms into stage-oriented trauma treatment.
            Bookmark
            • Record: found
            • Abstract: found
            • Article: not found

            Prevalence of Childhood Exposure to Violence, Crime, and Abuse: Results From the National Survey of Children's Exposure to Violence.

            It is important to estimate the burden of and trends for violence, crime, and abuse in the lives of children.
              Bookmark
              • Record: found
              • Abstract: found
              • Article: not found

              Beyond Cumulative Risk: A Dimensional Approach to Childhood Adversity.

              Children who have experienced environmental adversity-such as abuse, neglect, or poverty-are more likely to develop physical and mental health problems, perform poorly at school, and have difficulties in social relationships than children who have not encountered adversity. What is less clear is how and why adverse early experiences exert such a profound influence on children's development. Identifying developmental processes that are disrupted by adverse early environments is the key to developing better intervention strategies for children who have experienced adversity. Yet, much existing research relies on a cumulative risk approach that is unlikely to reveal these mechanisms. This approach tallies the number of distinct adversities experienced to create a risk score. This risk score fails to distinguish between distinct types of environmental experience, implicitly assuming that very different experiences influence development through the same underlying mechanisms. We advance an alternative model. This novel approach conceptualizes adversity along distinct dimensions, emphasizes the central role of learning mechanisms, and distinguishes between different forms of adversity that might influence learning in distinct ways. A key advantage of this approach is that learning mechanisms provide clear targets for interventions aimed at preventing negative developmental outcomes in children who have experienced adversity.
                Bookmark

                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal of Trauma & Dissociation
                Journal of Trauma & Dissociation
                Informa UK Limited
                1529-9732
                1529-9740
                March 16 2018
                May 27 2018
                March 16 2018
                May 27 2018
                : 19
                : 3
                : 275-288
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Department of Psychiatry, University of Connecticut Schools of Medicine and Law, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
                [2 ] Department of Psychology, Western Washington University, Bellingham, Washington, USA
                Article
                10.1080/15299732.2018.1440479
                29547074
                0931ea32-6ac1-4874-b700-bb340899d5bf
                © 2018
                History

                Comments

                Comment on this article