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      Vaccination coverage and associated factors of rural children under 7 years old in Ningxia

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          Abstract

          Objective To understand the vaccination coverage and associated factors among children under 7 years old in rural areas of Ningxia in 2019, so as to provide a basis for better immunization plans and corresponding strategies in this region.

          Methods A multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling method was adopted to select 1 144 children under 7 years old and their families in three rural counties of Ningxia. Demographic information, as well as primary and secondary immunization was investigated. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was conducted on the relevant factors.

          Results In Ningxia, the coverage rate of primary vaccines for children under 7 years of age for hepatitis B vaccine, BCG vaccine and dpt vaccine was above 95%, polio vaccine 83.7%, measles vaccine 38.6%, "five vaccines” 33.8%, and the coverage rate of secondary vaccines was only 4.9%. There were statistically significant differences in the total vaccination rates of "five seedlings" in different ages, per capita annual income of different families, and whether they had received a health examination in the past year ( χ 2 = 33.60, 13.17, 29.96, P<0.05). There were statistically significant differences in the vaccination rates of secondary vaccines among different age groups, different inoculation units and whether received a physical examination in the last year ( χ 2 = 18.58, 8.45, 60.04, P<0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that the age of children and whether received physical examination in the last year were the relevant factors affecting the total inoculation of five seedlings ( P<0.05) . Age of children and inoculation unit were the relevant influencing factors affecting the secondary immunization ( P<0.05).

          Conclusion The primary vaccination rate for children under the age of 7 in rural areas of Ningxia is kept at a high level, but the secondary vaccination rate is relatively low. It is suggested to strengthen publicity and education and establish effective mechanisms to improve the vaccination rate and protect the health of children in rural areas.

          Abstract

          【摘要】 目的 了解2019年宁夏地区农村0〜7岁儿童的疫苗接种情况及其影响因素, 为该地制订免疫规划和相应 策略提供依据。 方法 于2019年12月采取多阶段分层整群随机抽样方法, 调查宁夏农村3县共1 144名0〜7岁儿童和 家庭的人口学特征、一类疫苗和二类疫苗的接种情况, 并对相关因素进行多因素Logistic回归分析。 结果 宁夏地区0〜7 岁儿童一类疫苗的乙肝疫苗、卡介苗疫苗、百白破疫苗接种率均在95%以上, 脊灰疫苗接种率为83.7%, 麻疹疫苗接种率为 38.6%, “五苗”全接种率仅为33.8%, 二类疫苗接种率仅为4.9%;不同年龄、不同家庭人均年收人、近1年是否接受过健康 体检的“五苗”全接种率差异均有统计学意义 ( χ 2值分别为33.60, 13.17, 29.96, P值均<0.05);不同年龄、不同接种单位、近 1年是否接受过健康体检的二类疫苗接种率差异均有统计学意义 ( χ 2值分别为18.58, 8.45, 60.04, P值均<0.05);多因素分 析结果显示, 儿童年龄、近1年是否接受健康体检是影响“五苗”全接种的相关影响因素; 儿童年龄、接种单位是影响二类 疫苗接种的相关影响因素( P值均<0.05)。 结论 宁夏农村0〜7岁儿童一类疫苗接种率保持在较高水平, 但二类疫苗接 种率相对较低。建议该地加强宣传教育并建立有效机制, 提高疫苗接种率, 保护农村地区儿童健康。

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          Author and article information

          Journal
          CJSH
          Chinese Journal of School Health
          Chinese Journal of School Health (China )
          1000-9817
          01 August 2020
          01 August 2020
          : 41
          : 8
          : 1197-1199
          Affiliations
          [1] 1School of Public Health and Management, Ningxia Medical University, Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Yinchuan (750004), China
          Author notes
          *Corresponding author: Qiao Hui, E-mail: qiaohui71@ 123456163.com
          Article
          j.cnki.1000-9817.2020.08.020
          10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2020.08.020
          093a21a1-9fe7-4388-a115-997b089ce448
          © 2020 Chinese Journal of School Health

          This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported License (CC BY-NC 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. See https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/.

          History
          Categories
          Journal Article

          Ophthalmology & Optometry,Pediatrics,Nutrition & Dietetics,Clinical Psychology & Psychiatry,Public health
          Child,Vaccines,Vaccination,Rural population,Regression analysis

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