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      Conduta académica em estudantes de medicina: atitudes, perceções e fatores que influenciam Translated title: Academic behavior of medical students: attitudes, perceptions and contributing factors

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          Abstract

          Introdução. Comportamentos académicos desonestos são praticados em todo o mundo, levantando a preocupação crescente com a falta de competências dos estudantes no seu futuro profissional. Objetivos. Avaliar a conduta académica dos estudantes de medicina da Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde; analisar a perceção dos estudantes quanto à prática de comportamentos desonestos. Materiais e métodos. Foi aplicado um questionário aos estudantes do 1º ao 6º anos, traduzido e adaptado a partir de estudos anteriores, para avaliar quer a prática de comportamentos desonestos, quer a perceção sobre a gravidade desses comportamentos. Foi realizada análise estatística (estatística descritiva, teste t de Student, ANOVA e correlação de Pearson), tendo sido considerados significativos os valores de p < 0,05. Resultados. 580 estudantes completaram o questionário (68,3% da população). Os estudantes afirmam praticar comportamentos académicos desonestos com pouca frequência, com um valor médio inferior a 3 (algumas vezes). Os estudantes que praticam mais atitudes desonestas são do sexo masculino, frequentam um ano curricular mais avançado, têm menor média de curso e frequentam atividades extracurriculares (p < 0,05). As condutas que os estudantes consideram como mais graves são as que menos praticam (correlação muito forte negativa de –0,96). Conclusão. Apesar da prevalência de comportamentos desonestos que os estudantes declaram praticar ser muito baixa, é necessário consciencializar os estudantes para as suas consequências durante o curso e na sua futura atividade profissional.

          Translated abstract

          Introduction. Academic honesty is an ethical requirement for any medical practitioner. However, dishonest academic behaviours are practiced around the world, increasing concern about the lack of skills of students in their professional future. Aims. To evaluate the academic conduct of the FCS medical students, and to analyse students' perceptions about academic conduct. Subjects and methods. Questionnaires translated and adapted from previous studies were given to students from 1st to 6th grade. Statistical analysis was performed (descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA and Pearson's correlation) and differences between groups were considered significant if p < 0.05. Results. 580 (68.3%) students completed the questionnaire. It was found that students claim to practice dishonest academic behaviour infrequently, with a mean value of all analysed behaviours less than 3 (‘sometimes'). However, the most common dishonest attitudes are ‘asking a colleague to sign for themselves the class attendance record', ‘change a class attendance record' and ‘copy answers by a colleague during an exam'. Students who participate in more dishonest behaviours are male, attending a more advanced academic year, have a lower final grade and are involved in extracurricular activities (p < 0.05). The conducts that students consider to be more serious are the least likely to practice, with a very strong negative correlation (r = –0.96). Conclusion. Despite the prevalence of dishonest behaviour that students declared to practice be very low, it is necessary to raise awareness among students for its consequences during the course and in their future professional activity.

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          Male risk-taking as a context-sensitive signaling device

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            Academic misconduct among medical students in a post-communist country.

            To assess the prevalence of, attitudes towards and willingness to report different forms of academic dishonesty among medical students in a post-communist transitional country. An anonymous, self-administered questionnaire was distributed to medical students in Years 2-6 at the Zagreb University School of Medicine; 827 (70%) valid questionnaires were returned and analysed. Most of the students (94%) admitted cheating at least once during their studies. The most frequent type of misconduct was 'signing in an absent student on a class attendance list' (89.1%), and the least frequent 'paying for passing an examination' (0.7%). The number of committed types of misconduct out of 11 listed types increased from Year 2 (median 2) to Year 6 (median 4). Cheating behaviours could be clustered into 4 groups based on self-reported cheating, perceived prevalence of cheating, attitude towards cheating, and willingness to report cheating. The clustered behaviours that most students admitted to were perceived as the most frequent, more approved of and less likely to be reported. The strongest predictors of dishonest behaviour were attitude, perception of peer group behaviour and study year. Almost half (44%) the students said they would never report any form of cheating. Academic misconduct is widespread among medical students at the largest medical school in Croatia and its prevalence is greater than that reported for developed countries. This may be related to social and cultural factors specific to a country in the midst of a post-communist transition to a market economy, and calls for measures to be instigated at an institutional level to educate against and prevent such behaviour.
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              Croatian medical students see academic dishonesty as an acceptable behaviour: a cross-sectional multicampus study.

              To provide insights into the students' attitude towards academic integrity and their perspective of academic honesty at Croatian medical schools. A cross-sectional study using an anonymous questionnaire containing 29 questions on frequency of cheating, perceived seriousness of cheating, perceptions on integrity atmosphere, cheating behaviour of peers and on willingness to report misconduct. Participants were third-year (preclinical) and fifth-year (clinical) students from all four Croatian Schools of Medicine. Outcome measures were descriptive statistical correlates and differences in students' self-reported educational dishonesty, perceptions of cheating behaviour and medical school integrity atmosphere. Of the 1074 students enrolled in the third and fifth year, 662 (62%) completed the questionnaire. A large proportion of the students (97%) admitted using some method of cheating and 78% admitted engaging in at least one form of misconduct. About 50% had a lenient attitude towards six acts of academic dishonesty. Only 2% reported another student for cheating. Risk factors for cheating were strongly correlated with students' perceptions of peer cheating behaviour, peer approval of cheating, low perception of seriousness of cheating and inappropriate severity level of exams and teaching materials. Cheating is prevalent in Croatian medical schools and academic dishonesty is seen as acceptable behaviour among numerous future Croatian doctors.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                fem
                FEM: Revista de la Fundación Educación Médica
                FEM (Ed. impresa)
                Fundación Educación Médica y Viguera Editores, S.L. (Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain )
                2014-9832
                2014-9840
                2018
                : 21
                : 3
                : 159-163
                Affiliations
                [1] Lisboa orgnameCentro Hospitalar Lisboa Ocidental orgdiv1Hospital São Francisco Xavier Portugal
                [3] Covilhã orgnameUniversidade da Beira Interior orgdiv1Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde Portugal
                [2] Viseu orgnameUniversidade Católica Portuguesa Portugal
                Article
                S2014-98322018000300008
                09520bdd-d49f-4f4b-8555-df22ea1f9e72

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

                History
                : 27 April 2018
                : 09 May 2018
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 12, Pages: 5
                Product

                SciELO Spain


                Dishonesty,Ética,Estudantes de medicina,Educação médica,Desonestidade,Conduta académica,Palavras chave,Medical students,Medical education,Ethic,Academic conduct

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