Diagnostic importance of AgNOR pleomorphism in cervical carcinogenesis

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Abstract

Objective:

Nucleolar organizer region (NOR) associated proteins are argyrophilic and visualized by silver stains. AgNOR pleomorphic dots increase in cancer and most researchers have done a common count of single dots. Pleomorphic dots are few and perhaps indicate a more severe prognosis. The present study was aimed at investigating the relative preponderance and diagnostic value of both pleomorphic and single AgNOR dots in cervical carcinogenesis.

Study design:

Silver nitrate staining was performed in 50 cervical smears each of cytologically diagnosed normal, inflammatory, low grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL), High-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL), and squamous cell carcinoma cases registered at C.S.M. Medical University, Lucknow, India.

Results:

The accumulated data revealed a positive and significant correlation of cell counts of both pleomorphic ( r = 0.94; p < 0.01) and single dots ( r = 0.95; p < 0.01) with disease severity. The rate of increase in cell counts of pleomorphic dots (β = 2.61) was 1.1 times higher than the rate of increase in cell counts of single dots (β = 2.29).

Conclusion:

This study indicates the diagnostic potential of pleomorphic dots in the process of cervical carcinogenesis. The number of pleomorphic dots also varies significantly in different types of SIL, which may help in discriminating precancerous lesions of the cervix.

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Most cited references 12

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How should we count AgNORS? Proposals for a standardized approach.

Susan J. Crocker, Brent M Egan, D A Boldy (1989)

There is interest currently in the AgNOR technique, for NOR-associated proteins. In some cases, this technique enables the distinction to be made between certain grades of malignancy and may enable prognostic assessment. This paper attempts to suggest a standardized means for the enumeration of NORs in histological sections. Attention should be paid to rigorous technique and careful resolution of intranucleolar AgNOR dots. The timing of the reaction and fixation methods are also most important.

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VNN1 Gene Expression Levels and the G-137T Polymorphism Are Associated with HDL-C Levels in Mexican Prepubertal Children

Leonor Jacobo-Albavera, Pablo I. Aguayo-de la Rosa, Teresa Villarreal-Molina … (2012)

Background VNN1 gene expression levels and the G-137T polymorphism have been associated with high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels in Mexican American adults. We aim to evaluate the contribution of VNN1 gene expression and the G-137T variant to HDL-C levels and other metabolic traits in Mexican prepubertal children. Methodology/Principal Findings VNN1 mRNA expression levels were quantified in peripheral blood leukocytes from 224 unrelated Mexican-Mestizo children aged 6–8 years (107 boys and 117 girls) and were genotyped for the G-137T variant (rs4897612). To account for population stratification, a panel of 10 ancestry informative markers was analyzed. After adjustment for admixture, the TT genotype was significantly associated with lower VNN1 mRNA expression levels (P = 2.9 × 10−5), decreased HDL-C levels (β = −6.19, P = 0.028) and with higher body mass index (BMI) z-score (β = 0.48, P = 0.024) in the total sample. In addition, VNN1 expression showed a positive correlation with HDL-C levels (r = 0.220; P = 0.017) and a negative correlation with BMI z-score (r = −0.225; P = 0.015) only in girls. Conclusion/Significance Our data suggest that VNN1 gene expression and the G-137T variant are associated with HDL-C levels in Mexican children, particularly in prepubertal girls.

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AgNOR counts in cervical smears under normal and other cytopathologic conditions.

Madhulika Singh, J Misra, Vinita Das … (2005)

To investigate the diagnostic value of AgNOR counts in cervical smears in the process of cervical carcinogenesis and in discriminating the different grades of squamous intraepithelial lesion (SIL). Silver nitrate staining for AgNOR counts was performed in 50 cervical smears of cytologically diagnosed normal, inflammatory, low grade SIL (LSIL) (mild dysplasia), high grade SIL (HSIL) (moderate and severe dysplasia) and squamous cell carcinoma. The smears were derived from the ongoing routine outpatient cytology screening at Queen Mary's Hospital, Lucknow, India. In normal and inflammatory smears, the number of AgNOR dots varied from 1 to 2, in mild dysplasia from 2 to 4, in moderate dysplasia from 4 to 6 and in severe dysplasia from 6 to 8. Frank cervical carcinoma cases revealed 8-10 dots. Thus, a progressive increase in AgNOR counts was observed when the severity of pathologic lesions increased. Statistical analysis revealed a significant difference in AgNOR counts between normal and inflammatory smears, but it was highly significant between inflammatory and LSIL cases, between LSIL and HSIL, and between severe dysplasia and frank malignancy. This study underscored the diagnostic importance of AgNOR counts, especially in discriminating between LSIL and HSIL of the cervix. Another study is under way to assess the potentiality of AgNOR counts as tumor markers in cervical carcinogenesis.

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Author and article information

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): Ecancermedicalscience

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Ecancermedicalscience

Journal ID (publisher-id): ecancermedicalscience

Title: ecancermedicalscience

Publisher: Cancer Intelligence

ISSN (Electronic): 1754-6605

Publication date Collection: 2013

Publication date (Electronic): 09 January 2013

Volume: 7

Electronic Location Identifier: 287

Affiliations

[1 ] Pathology Department, Era’s Medical College and Hospital, Lucknow, India

[2 ] Genetics Department, Sanjay Ghandi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences (SGPGIMS), Lucknow, India

Author notes

Correspondence to: C Bansal. drcherrybansal@ 123456gmail.com

Article

Publisher ID: can-7-287

DOI: 10.3332/ecancer.2013.287

PMC ID: 3539855

PubMed ID: 23304243

SO-VID: 097131d5-529a-4c92-9fc7-43c48a085d6a

License:

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Diagnostic importance of AgNOR pleomorphism in cervical carcinogenesis

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Abstract

Objective:

Study design:

Results:

Conclusion:

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Cancer Immunotherapy

Most cited references 12

How should we count AgNORS? Proposals for a standardized approach.

VNN1 Gene Expression Levels and the G-137T Polymorphism Are Associated with HDL-C Levels in Mexican Prepubertal Children

AgNOR counts in cervical smears under normal and other cytopathologic conditions.

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