An annotated checklist of dinoflagellates (Dinophyceae) from the Mexican Pacific

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Abstract

An annotated checklist of about 605 principally free-living dinoflagellate species and infraspecific taxa from 91 genera reported from the Mexican Pacific is presented on the basis of published literature, some theses, unpublished reports, and original data. Literature references from 1878 to 2005 (in total, 311) are included in the bibliography, and taxonomic notes in regard to some taxa are given, where appropriate. The presence of illustrations divided into three categories (line drawings, light micrographs and scanning electronic micrographs) in the cited works is indicated as well as the known distribution of the taxa in the Mexican Pacific. The nomenclature is brought up to date, and 193 species and infraspecific taxa are accompanied with original comments. Four new combinations are proposed: Histioneis pieltainii (B. F. Osorio) Okolodkov comb. nov., Latifascia subantarctica (Balech) Okolodkov comb. nov., Peridiniella globosa (P. A. Dang.) Okolodkov comb. nov. and Protoperidinium curtipes (Jörg.) Balech f. asymmetricum (Matzen.) Okolodkov comb. nov. Twenty-nine nomina nuda were revealed. The leading genera are Protoperidinium (111 species), Ceratium (63) Dinophysis (41), Gonyaulax (25), Oxytoxum (22), Gymnodinium (22), Prorocentrum (21), Alexandrium (17) Ornithocercus (12) and Amphidinium (12). To discover the true dinoflagellate species diversity in the Mexican Pacific, more studies on the athecate Gymnodiniales species, benthic and epiphytic dinoflagellates, the "Diplopsalis group", the genus Protoperidinium and recently described genera of the family Podolampadaceae, are needed.

Translated abstract

Se presenta una lista taxonómica con anotaciones de aproximadamente 605 especies y taxones infraespecíficos de dinoflagelados principalmente de vida libre comprendidos en 91 géneros que han sido reportados para el Pacífico Mexicano en la literatura publicada, algunas tesis, reportes no publicados y datos originales. Las referencias de la literatura entre 1878 y 2005 (en total, 311) están incluidas en la bibliografía, y en las notas taxonómicas concernientes a los taxa proporcionados, donde se consideró apropiado. La presencia de ilustraciones está dividida en tres categorías (dibujos, fotografías en microscopio óptico, y fotografías en microscopio electrónico de barrido) y se indica la distribución de los taxa en el Pacífico Mexicano. La nomenclatura y 193 especies y taxa infraespecíficos. Cuatro nuevas combinaciones: Histioneis pieltainii (B. F. Osorio) Okolodkov comb. nov., Latifascia subantarctica (Balech) Okolodkov comb. nov., Peridiniella globosa (P. A. Dang.) Okolodkov comb. nov. y Protoperidinium curtipes (Jörg.) Balech f. asymmetricum (Matzen.) Okolodkov comb. nov. Veintinueve nomina nuda son revelados. Los géneros mas importantes son Protoperidinium (111 especies), Ceratium (63), Dinophysis (41), Gonyaulax (25), Oxytoxum (22), Gymnodinium (22), Prorocentrum (21), Alexandrium (17), Ornithocercus (12) y Amphidinium (12). Para conocer la diversidad real de las especies de dinoflagelados en el Pacífico Mexicano, se necesitan hacer más estudios sobre las especies atecados de los Gymnodiniales, los dinoflagelados bentónicos y epifíticos, el "grupo Diplopsalis", el género Protoperidinium y los géneros recientemente descritos de la familia Podolampadaceae.

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Benthic eukaryotic diversity in the Guaymas Basin hydrothermal vent environment.

Virginia Edgcomb, David Kysela, Andreas Teske … (2002)

Molecular microbial ecology studies have revealed remarkable prokaryotic diversity in extreme hydrothermal marine environments. There are no comparable reports of culture-independent surveys of eukaryotic life in warm, anoxic marine sediments. By using sequence comparisons of PCR-amplified small subunit ribosomal RNAs, we characterized eukaryotic diversity in hydrothermal vent environments of Guaymas Basin in the Gulf of California. Many sequences from these anoxic sediments and the overlaying seawater represent previously uncharacterized protists, including early branching eukaryotic lineages or extended diversity within described taxa. At least two mechanisms, with overlapping consequences, account for the eukaryotic community structure of this environment. The adaptation to anoxic environments is evidenced by specific affinity of environmental sequences to aerotolerant anaerobic species in molecular trees. This pattern is superimposed against a background of widely distributed aerophilic and aerotolerant protists, some of which may migrate into and survive in the sediment whereas others (e.g., phototrophs) are simply deposited by sedimentary processes. In contrast, bacterial populations in these sediments are primarily characteristic of anoxic, reduced, hydrocarbon-rich sedimentary habitats.