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      Airway management in the presence of cervical spine instability: A cross-sectional survey of the members of the Indian Society of Neuroanaesthesiology and Critical Care

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          Abstract

          Background and Aims:

          There is a paucity of clinical practice guidelines for the ideal approach to airway management in patients with cervical spine instability (CSI). The aim of this survey was to evaluate preferences, perceptions and practices regarding airway management in patients with CSI among neuroanaesthesiologists practicing in India.

          Methods:

          A 25-item questionnaire was circulated for cross-sectional survey to 378 members of the Indian Society of Neuroanaesthesiology and Critical Care (ISNACC) by E-mail. We sent four reminders and again submitted our survey to non-responders during the 2017 annual ISNACC meeting. Apart from demographic information, the survey captured preferred methods of intubation and airway management for patients with CSI and their justification. Regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with the use of indirect technique for intubation.

          Results:

          Only 122 out of the 378 anaesthesiologists responded to our survey. Most respondents were senior consultants, working in training hospitals, and performed ≥25 intubations per year for CSI patients. The majority of neuroanaesthesiologists (78.7%; n = 96) preferred indirect techniques for elective intubation. However, 45 anaesthesiologists (36.9%) preferred indirect techniques for emergency intubation. In an adjusted analysis, preference for patients to be conscious during intubation was significantly associated with the use of indirect techniques (odds ratio = 3.79; confidence interval = 1.52–9.49, P < 0.01).

          Conclusions:

          Among ISNACC members, indirect techniques are preferred for elective intubation of patients with CSI, while direct laryngoscopy is preferred for emergency intubation.

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          Most cited references21

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          A guide for the design and conduct of self-administered surveys of clinicians.

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            Alternative intubation techniques vs Macintosh laryngoscopy in patients with cervical spine immobilization: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

            Background. Immobilization of the cervical spine worsens tracheal intubation conditions. Various intubation devices have been tested in this setting. Their relative usefulness remains unclear. Methods. We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library for randomized controlled trials comparing any intubation device with the Macintosh laryngoscope in human subjects with cervical spine immobilization. The primary outcome was the risk of tracheal intubation failure at the first attempt. Secondary outcomes were quality of glottis visualization, time until successful intubation, and risk of oropharyngeal complications. Results. Twenty-four trials (1866 patients) met inclusion criteria. With alternative intubation devices, the risk of intubation failure was lower compared with Macintosh laryngoscopy [risk ratio (RR) 0.53; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.35–0.80]. Meta-analyses could be performed for five intubation devices (Airtraq, Airwayscope, C-Mac, Glidescope, and McGrath). The Airtraq was associated with a statistically significant reduction of the risk of intubation failure at the first attempt (RR 0.14; 95% CI 0.06–0.33), a higher rate of Cormack–Lehane grade 1 (RR 2.98; 95% CI 1.94–4.56), a reduction of time until successful intubation (weighted mean difference −10.1 s; 95% CI −3.2 to −17.0), and a reduction of oropharyngeal complications (RR 0.24; 95% CI 0.06–0.93). Other devices were associated with improved glottis visualization but no statistically significant differences in intubation failure or time to intubation compared with conventional laryngoscopy. Conclusions. In situations where the spine is immobilized, the Airtraq device reduces the risk of intubation failure. There is a lack of evidence for the usefulness of other intubation devices.
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              Comparison of open and closed questionnaire formats in obtaining demographic information from Canadian general internists.

              The objective of this study was to compare the impact of closed- versus open-ended question formats on the completeness and accuracy of demographic data collected in a mailed survey questionnaire. We surveyed general internists in five Canadian provinces to determine their career satisfaction. We randomized respondents to receive versions of the questionnaire in which 16 demographic questions were presented in a closed-ended or open-ended format. Two questions required respondents to make a relatively simple computation (ensuring that three or four categories of response added to 100%). The response rate was 1007/1192 physicians (80.0%). The proportion of respondents with no missing data for all 16 questions was 44.7% for open-ended and 67.0% for closed-ended formats (P < 0.001). The odds of having missing items remained higher for open-ended response options after adjusting for a number of respondent characteristics (2.67, 95% confidence interval 2.01 to 3.55). For the two questions requiring computations focused on professional activity and income, there were more missing data (P = 0.02, 0.02, respectively) but fewer inaccurate responses (P = 0.009, 0.20, respectively) for the open-ended compared to the closed-ended format. Investigators can achieve higher response rates for demographic items using closed format response options, but at the risk of increasing inaccuracy in response to questions requiring computation.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Indian J Anaesth
                Indian J Anaesth
                IJA
                Indian Journal of Anaesthesia
                Medknow Publications & Media Pvt Ltd (India )
                0019-5049
                0976-2817
                February 2018
                : 62
                : 2
                : 115-120
                Affiliations
                [1]Department of Neuroanaesthesia and Neurocritical Care, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
                [1 ]Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
                [2 ]The Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Pain Research and Care, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
                [3 ]Department of Anesthesia, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
                Author notes
                Address for correspondence: Dr. Kamath Sriganesh, Department of Neuroanaesthesia and Neurocritical Care, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru - 560 029, Karnataka, India. E-mail: drsri23@ 123456rediffmail.com
                Article
                IJA-62-115
                10.4103/ija.IJA_671_17
                5827477
                29491516
                0a06fd08-4605-4d77-b656-aefcd82325cc
                Copyright: © 2018 Indian Journal of Anaesthesia

                This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 License, which allows others to remix, tweak, and build upon the work non-commercially, as long as the author is credited and the new creations are licensed under the identical terms.

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                Categories
                Original Article

                Anesthesiology & Pain management
                airway management,anaesthesiologists,cervical spine instability,survey

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