Start-up and steady-state conditions of an Anaerobic Hybrid Reactor (AHR) using mini-filters composed with two types of support medium operating under low loading rates

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Abstract

The present work aimed at studying the operational parameters of an Anaerobic Hybrid Reactor (AHR) removing organic matter of coffee wastewater with low concentration. The AHR was built similar to an UASB reactor, however the interior was filled with mini-filters composed by two types of support materials: expanded clay and rolled pebble. Three start-ups were accomplished in order to achieve the stationary state (steady-state). Three hydraulic retention times were appraised: 28.5; 24.0 and 18.0 h, obtaining a volumetric loading rate (VLR) of 0.70; 0.56; 0.54 kg COD m-3 d-1 and a biological organic loading rate (BOLR) of 0.0156; 0.0103 and 0.01213 kg BOD5 kg TVS-1 d-1. Due to the decrease in the concentration of organic matter in the influent, the endogen process started to occur on the biomass lowering the methanogenic process.

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Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater

(1995)

The best compilation of water & wastewater analysis methods available anywhere! This reorganized reference source is written for many scientific fields, including chemistry, engineering, biology, health, the environment & geo-sciences. More than 340 hods are presented, each with step-by-step procedures for precise analysis of water & wastewater chemical constituents, sanitary quality, & physical & biological characteristics. Twenty-three new methods have been added & 26 methods have been revised to reflect the very latest technical advances. You'll find a revised method for turbidity, new information on UV-absorbing organic constituents cited in the Information Collection Rule (ICR), new procedures for laboratory occupational health & safety, & much more. Incorporates the methods published in the 18th Edition Supplement. CONTENTS INCLUDE : Physical Examination, Determination of Metals & Other Inorganic Nonmetallic Constituents, Determination of Organic Constituents, Examination of Water & Wastewater Radioactivity, Toxicity Test Methods for Aquatic Organisms, Microbiological Examination of Water, Biological Examination of Water. $180.00 Nonmembers, $140.00 APHA, AWWA & WEF members.

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Anaerobic treatment of cassava starch extraction wastewater using a horizontal flow filter with bamboo as support.

X Colin, J-L Farinet, O Rojas … (2007)

Small-scale sour starch agroindustry in Colombia suffer from absence of water treatment. Although starch processing plants produce diluted wastewater, it is a source of pollution and cause environmental problems to the nearby rural population. A laboratory scale anaerobic horizontal flow filter packed with bamboo pieces was evaluated for the treatment of cassava starch extraction wastewater. The wastewater used in the experimentation was the draining water of the starch sedimentation basin. The reactor was operated for 6 months. It was inoculated with a semi-granular sludge from an anaerobic UASB reactor of a slaughterhouse. Maximum organic loading rate (OLR) applied was 11.8g COD/L d without dilution of the wastewater. At steady state and maximum OLR applied, 87% of the COD was removed and a gas productivity of 3.7L/L d was achieved. The average biogas yield was 0.36L/g COD removed. Methane content in the biogas was in the range of 69-81%. The total suspended solids (TSS) removed were 67%. The relative high lactic acid content did not negatively influence the performance of the reactor. No perturbation due to cyanide (3-5mg/L) was observed during the reactor operation. The results obtained indicated that the anaerobic horizontal flow filter could be used efficiently for the treatment of wastewater from Colombian starch processing small-scale agroindustry.