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      The environmental performance of protecting seedlings with plastic tree shelters for afforestation in temperate oceanic regions: A UK case study

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      Science of The Total Environment
      Elsevier BV

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          The ecoinvent database version 3 (part I): overview and methodology

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            Is Open Access

            An overview of chemical additives present in plastics: Migration, release, fate and environmental impact during their use, disposal and recycling

            Over the last 60 years plastics production has increased manifold, owing to their inexpensive, multipurpose, durable and lightweight nature. These characteristics have raised the demand for plastic materials that will continue to grow over the coming years. However, with increased plastic materials production, comes increased plastic material wastage creating a number of challenges, as well as opportunities to the waste management industry. The present overview highlights the waste management and pollution challenges, emphasising on the various chemical substances (known as "additives") contained in all plastic products for enhancing polymer properties and prolonging their life. Despite how useful these additives are in the functionality of polymer products, their potential to contaminate soil, air, water and food is widely documented in literature and described herein. These additives can potentially migrate and undesirably lead to human exposure via e.g. food contact materials, such as packaging. They can, also, be released from plastics during the various recycling and recovery processes and from the products produced from recyclates. Thus, sound recycling has to be performed in such a way as to ensure that emission of substances of high concern and contamination of recycled products is avoided, ensuring environmental and human health protection, at all times.
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              The New International Standards for Life Cycle Assessment: ISO 14040 and ISO 14044

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Science of The Total Environment
                Science of The Total Environment
                Elsevier BV
                00489697
                October 2021
                October 2021
                : 791
                : 148239
                Article
                10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148239
                0ae02680-c4f0-45cd-91b9-3baaf29f839c
                © 2021

                https://www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/

                https://doi.org/10.15223/policy-017

                https://doi.org/10.15223/policy-037

                https://doi.org/10.15223/policy-012

                https://doi.org/10.15223/policy-029

                https://doi.org/10.15223/policy-004

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