Ex vivo incubation of isolated glomeruli has been used for many years to investigate biochemical properties of glomeruli. However, little has been understood about whether and how isolation and explanation per se affect the structure and function of the glomerulus. We recently reported that ex vivo incubation of isolated normal glomeruli results in severe apoptosis of podocytes, activation of the family of mitogen-activated protein kinase and expression of several genes regulated by activator protein 1. In this article, we summarize our current findings and discuss the utility and limitations of explanted glomeruli.
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