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      Lead speciation in indoor dust: a case study to assess old paint contribution in a Canadian urban house.

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          Abstract

          Residents in older homes may experience increased lead (Pb) exposures due to release of lead from interior paints manufactured in past decades, especially pre-1960s. The objective of the study was to determine the speciation of Pb in settled dust from an urban home built during WWII. X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) and micro-X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses were performed on samples of paint (380-2,920 mg Pb kg(-1)) and dust (200-1,000 mg Pb kg(-1)) collected prior to renovation. All dust samples exhibited a Pb XANES signature similar to that of Pb found in paint. Bulk XANES and micro-XRD identified Pb species commonly found as white paint pigments (Pb oxide, Pb sulfate, and Pb carbonate) as well as rutile, a titanium-based pigment, in the <150 μm house dust samples. In the dust fraction <36 μm, half of the Pb was associated with the Fe-oxyhydroxides, suggesting additional contribution of outdoor sources to Pb in the finer dust. These results confirm that old paints still contribute to Pb in the settled dust for this 65-year-old home. The Pb speciation also provided a clearer understanding of the Pb bioaccessibility: Pb carbonate > Pb oxide > Pb sulfate. This study underscores the importance of taking precautions to minimize exposures to Pb in house dust, especially in homes where old paint is exposed due to renovations or deterioration of painted surfaces.

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          Author and article information

          Journal
          Environ Geochem Health
          Environmental geochemistry and health
          Springer Nature America, Inc
          1573-2983
          0269-4042
          Aug 2011
          : 33
          : 4
          Affiliations
          [1 ] Natural Resources Canada, CANMET, Mining and Mineral Sciences Laboratories, 555 Booth Street, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0G1, Canada. sbeauche@nrcan.gc.ca
          Article
          10.1007/s10653-011-9380-8
          21465232
          0aecc88d-1e3e-4f3d-b88a-0e99e345f265
          History

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