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      Estudio prospectivo sobre el efecto del consumo de bebidas azucaradas sobre la obesidad en un periodo de 12 meses en mexicanos de 15 a 19 años Translated title: A prospective study regarding the effect of sugary drink consumption on obesity over a period of 12 months on Mexicans 15 to 19 years old

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          Abstract

          Antecedentes: se ha reportado una asociación entre el aumento del consumo de bebidas azucaradas y varias enfermedades metabólicas. Objetivo: evaluar el efecto del consumo de bebidas azucaradas sobre la obesidad en un periodo de 12 meses en mexicanos de 15 a 19 años. Métodos: el diseño del estudio fue prospectivo, con 12 meses de seguimiento. Se midieron el peso, la talla y la circunferencia de cintura (CC), y se calculó el puntaje z de índice de masa corporal (IMC). Se aplicó un cuestionario sobre consumo de 19 bebidas. Para evaluar la predicción del aumento de IMC y de CC como resultado del consumo de bebidas, se utilizó análisis de regresión logística binomial. Resultados: al final del estudio se evaluó al 89% (1.344). El promedio de edad fue de 15 años, 55% fueron mujeres. La prevalencia de sobrepeso y obesidad al final del estudio fue del 33%. Al final del estudio, un 25% de los participantes consumían más de 50 g de azúcar proveniente de las bebidas. Quienes consumieron 50 g de azúcar o más al día presentaron mayor riesgo de aumentar la CC ≥ 2 cm (RR = 1,19, IC 95%, 1,03-1,39, p = 0,02). Quienes mantuvieron el consumo de bebidas azucaradas durante 12 meses, al compararlo con los que disminuyeron el consumo a 10 g/día, presentaron 71% más probabilidades de aumentar a un puntaje de IMC ≥ 2 (RR = 1,71, IC 95%, 1,03-2,86, p = 0,039). Conclusión: el alto consumo de bebidas azucaradas aumentó las probabilidades de aumentar de peso y de circunferencia de cintura.

          Translated abstract

          Background: An association between increased consumption of sugary drinks and various metabolic diseases has been reported. Objective: To evaluate the effect of consumption of sugary drinks on overweight and obesity over a period of 12 months among 15 to 19 years old in Mexico. Methods: A prospective study with a 12 month follow-up was implemented. Variables including weight, height and waist circumference (WC) were measured, and the z score of body mass index (BMI) was calculated. A questionnaire on the consumption of 19 beverages was applied. A binomial logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the prediction of increased BMI and WC resulting from the consumption of the beverages. Results: At the end of the study there was a rention of 89% (1,344). The average age was 15 years old, 55% were women. The prevalence of overweight and obesity found was 33%. The results determined that 25% of participants consumed more than 50 g of sugar per day from beverages. Those participants consuming 50 g of sugar or more per day had a higher risk for increased WC ≥ 2 cm (RR = 1.19; 95% CI, 1.03-1.39, p = 0.02). The participants that had been consuming sugary drinks for twelve months compared to those with decreased consumption of 10 g/day, were 71% more likely to have increased their BMI score ≥ 2 (RR = 1.71; 95% CI, 1.03-2.86, p = 0.039). Conclusion: The high consumption of sweetened beverages increases the likelihood of being heavier and having a larger waist circumference.

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          Global, regional, and national prevalence of overweight and obesity in children and adults during 1980-2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013.

          In 2010, overweight and obesity were estimated to cause 3·4 million deaths, 3·9% of years of life lost, and 3·8% of disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) worldwide. The rise in obesity has led to widespread calls for regular monitoring of changes in overweight and obesity prevalence in all populations. Comparable, up-to-date information about levels and trends is essential to quantify population health effects and to prompt decision makers to prioritise action. We estimate the global, regional, and national prevalence of overweight and obesity in children and adults during 1980-2013. We systematically identified surveys, reports, and published studies (n=1769) that included data for height and weight, both through physical measurements and self-reports. We used mixed effects linear regression to correct for bias in self-reports. We obtained data for prevalence of obesity and overweight by age, sex, country, and year (n=19,244) with a spatiotemporal Gaussian process regression model to estimate prevalence with 95% uncertainty intervals (UIs). Worldwide, the proportion of adults with a body-mass index (BMI) of 25 kg/m(2) or greater increased between 1980 and 2013 from 28·8% (95% UI 28·4-29·3) to 36·9% (36·3-37·4) in men, and from 29·8% (29·3-30·2) to 38·0% (37·5-38·5) in women. Prevalence has increased substantially in children and adolescents in developed countries; 23·8% (22·9-24·7) of boys and 22·6% (21·7-23·6) of girls were overweight or obese in 2013. The prevalence of overweight and obesity has also increased in children and adolescents in developing countries, from 8·1% (7·7-8·6) to 12·9% (12·3-13·5) in 2013 for boys and from 8·4% (8·1-8·8) to 13·4% (13·0-13·9) in girls. In adults, estimated prevalence of obesity exceeded 50% in men in Tonga and in women in Kuwait, Kiribati, Federated States of Micronesia, Libya, Qatar, Tonga, and Samoa. Since 2006, the increase in adult obesity in developed countries has slowed down. Because of the established health risks and substantial increases in prevalence, obesity has become a major global health challenge. Not only is obesity increasing, but no national success stories have been reported in the past 33 years. Urgent global action and leadership is needed to help countries to more effectively intervene. Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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            Changes in beverage intake between 1977 and 2001.

            To examine American beverage consumption trends and causes. Nationally representative data from the 1977-1978 Nationwide Food Consumption Survey, the 1989-1991 and 1994-1996 (also for children aged 2 to 9 years in 1998) Continuing Surveys of Food Intake by Individuals (CSFII), and 1999-2001 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were used in this study. The sample consisted of 73,345 individuals, aged >or=2 years. For each survey year, the percentage of total energy intake from meals and snacks was calculated separately for respondents aged 2 to 18 years, 19 to 39, 40 to 59, and >or=60. The percentage of energy intake by location (at home consumption or preparation, vending, store eaten out, restaurant/fast food, and school), as well as for specific beverages was computed separately for all age groups. The proportion consumed, mean portion size, and number of servings were calculated. For all age groups, sweetened beverage consumption increased and milk consumption decreased. Overall, energy intake from sweetened beverages increased 135% and was reduced by 38% from milk, with a 278 total calorie increase. These trends were associated with increased proportions of Americans consuming larger portions, more servings per day of sweetened beverage, and reductions in these same measures for milk. There is little research that has focused on the beneficial impacts of reduced soft drink and fruit drink intake. This would seem to be one of the simpler ways to reduce obesity in the United States.
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              Energy intake from beverages is increasing among Mexican adolescents and adults.

              Little is understood about the patterns and trends in adolescent and adult beverage intake in Mexico or most other countries. Here, we used nationally representative dietary intake, income, and food expenditure surveys, which included 416 adolescents (aged 12-18 y) and 2180 adults (aged >or=19 y) from the 1999 Mexican Nutrition Survey and 7464 adolescents and 21,113 adults from the 2006 Mexican Health and Nutrition Survey. We measured the volume and energy per day contributed by all beverages consumed by the sample subjects. In 2006, Mexican adolescents and adults obtained 20.1 and 22.3%, respectively, of their energy intake from energy-containing beverages. Whole milk, carbonated and noncarbonated sugar-sweetened beverages, fruit juice with various sugar and water combinations added, and alcohol represented the 4 major categories of beverage intake. The trends from the dietary intake surveys showed very large increases in the intake of energy-containing beverages among adolescents and adults between 1999 and 2006. Income elasticities showed a high likelihood that intakes will increase as Mexican incomes continue to rise. Whereas the own-price elasticities for whole milk and sodas were both modest, intakes of these were increasing and higher than those for all other food groups. Energy intake trends and current levels of beverage intakes in Mexico are the highest recorded in a nationally representative survey and present major challenges for public health authorities.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                nh
                Nutrición Hospitalaria
                Nutr. Hosp.
                Grupo Arán (Madrid, Madrid, Spain )
                0212-1611
                1699-5198
                April 2016
                : 33
                : 2
                : 270-276
                Affiliations
                [01] Tijuana Baja California orgnameUniversidad Autónoma de Baja California orgdiv1Facultad de Medicina y Psicología México
                Article
                S0212-16112016000200013
                10.20960/nh.102
                0b650621-ede3-4281-b80f-5487e12b0474

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 International License.

                History
                : 15 September 2015
                : 15 October 2015
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 36, Pages: 7
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                SciELO Spain


                Consumo de bebidas azucaradas,Obesidad,Adolescentes,Estudio prospectivo,Sweetened beverages consumption,Obesity,Adolescents,Prospective study

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