Phyllostachys edulis Compounds Inhibit Palmitic Acid-Induced Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein 1 (MCP-1) Production

There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

Abstract

Background

Phyllostachys edulis Carriere (Poaceae) is a bamboo species that is part of the traditional Chinese medicine pharmacopoeia. Compounds and extracts from this species have shown potential applications towards several diseases. One of many complications found in obesity and diabetes is the link between elevated circulatory free fatty acids (FFAs) and chronic inflammation. This study aims to present a possible application of P. edulis extract in relieving inflammation caused by FFAs. Monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1/CCL2) is a pro-inflammatory cytokine implicated in chronic inflammation. Nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) and activator protein 1 (AP-1) are transcription factors activated in response to inflammatory stimuli, and upregulate pro-inflammatory cytokines such as MCP-1. This study examines the effect of P. edulis extract on cellular production of MCP-1 and on the NF-κB and AP-1 pathways in response to treatment with palmitic acid (PA), a FFA.

Methodology/Principal Findings

MCP-1 protein was measured by cytometric bead assay. NF-κB and AP-1 nuclear localization was detected by colorimetric DNA-binding ELISA. Relative MCP-1 mRNA was measured by real-time quantitative PCR. Murine cells were treated with PA to induce inflammation. PA increased expression of MCP-1 mRNA and protein, and increased nuclear localization of NF-κB and AP-1. Adding bamboo extract (BEX) inhibited the effects of PA, reduced MCP-1 production, and inhibited nuclear translocation of NF-κB and AP-1 subunits. Compounds isolated from BEX inhibited MCP-1 secretion with different potencies.

Conclusions/Significance

PA induced MCP-1 production in murine adipose, muscle, and liver cells. BEX ameliorated PA-induced production of MCP-1 by inhibiting nuclear translocation of NF-κB and AP-1. Two O-methylated flavones were isolated from BEX with functional effects on MCP-1 production. These results may represent a possible therapeutic application of BEX and its compounds toward alleviating chronic inflammation caused by elevated circulatory FFAs.

Related collections

Most cited references 45

Record: found
Abstract: found
Article: not found

MCP-1 contributes to macrophage infiltration into adipose tissue, insulin resistance, and hepatic steatosis in obesity.

Hajime Kanda, Sanshiro Tateya, Yoshikazu Tamori … (2006)

Adipocytes secrete a variety of bioactive molecules that affect the insulin sensitivity of other tissues. We now show that the abundance of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) mRNA in adipose tissue and the plasma concentration of MCP-1 were increased both in genetically obese diabetic (db/db) mice and in WT mice with obesity induced by a high-fat diet. Mice engineered to express an MCP-1 transgene in adipose tissue under the control of the aP2 gene promoter exhibited insulin resistance, macrophage infiltration into adipose tissue, and increased hepatic triglyceride content. Furthermore, insulin resistance, hepatic steatosis, and macrophage accumulation in adipose tissue induced by a high-fat diet were reduced extensively in MCP-1 homozygous KO mice compared with WT animals. Finally, acute expression of a dominant-negative mutant of MCP-1 ameliorated insulin resistance in db/db mice and in WT mice fed a high-fat diet. These findings suggest that an increase in MCP-1 expression in adipose tissue contributes to the macrophage infiltration into this tissue, insulin resistance, and hepatic steatosis associated with obesity in mice.

0 comments Cited 791 times – based on 0 reviews      Review now

Bookmark

Record: found
Abstract: found
Article: not found

The effects of plant flavonoids on mammalian cells: implications for inflammation, heart disease, and cancer.

E. Middleton, C. Kandaswami, T Theoharides (2000)

Flavonoids are nearly ubiquitous in plants and are recognized as the pigments responsible for the colors of leaves, especially in autumn. They are rich in seeds, citrus fruits, olive oil, tea, and red wine. They are low molecular weight compounds composed of a three-ring structure with various substitutions. This basic structure is shared by tocopherols (vitamin E). Flavonoids can be subdivided according to the presence of an oxy group at position 4, a double bond between carbon atoms 2 and 3, or a hydroxyl group in position 3 of the C (middle) ring. These characteristics appear to also be required for best activity, especially antioxidant and antiproliferative, in the systems studied. The particular hydroxylation pattern of the B ring of the flavonoles increases their activities, especially in inhibition of mast cell secretion. Certain plants and spices containing flavonoids have been used for thousands of years in traditional Eastern medicine. In spite of the voluminous literature available, however, Western medicine has not yet used flavonoids therapeutically, even though their safety record is exceptional. Suggestions are made where such possibilities may be worth pursuing.

0 comments Cited 612 times – based on 0 reviews      Review now

Bookmark

Record: found
Abstract: found
Article: not found

AP-1 function and regulation.

Michael Karin, Zheng-gang Liu, Ebrahim Zandi (1997)

AP-1 (activating protein-1) is a collective term referring to dimeric transcription factors composed of Jun, Fos or ATF (activating transcription factor) subunits that bind to a common DNA site, the AP-1-binding site. As the complexity of our knowledge of AP-1 factors has increased, our understanding of their physiological function has decreased. This trend, however, is beginning to be reversed due to the recent studies of gene-knockout mice and cell lines deficient in specific AP-1 components. Such studies suggest that different AP-1 factors may regulate different target genes and thus execute distinct biological functions. Also, the involvement of AP-1 factors in functions such as cell proliferation and survival has been made somewhat clearer as a result of such studies. In addition, there has been considerable progress in understanding some of the mechanisms and signaling pathways involved in the regulation of AP-1 activity. In addition to regulation by heterodimerization between Jun, Fos and ATF proteins, AP-1 activity is regulated through interactions with specific protein kinases and a variety of transcriptional coactivators.

0 comments Cited 395 times – based on 0 reviews      Review now

Bookmark

All references

Author and article information

Contributors

: Role: Editor

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): PLoS One

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): PLoS ONE

Journal ID (publisher-id): plos

Journal ID (pmc): plosone

Title: PLoS ONE

Publisher: Public Library of Science (San Francisco, USA )

ISSN (Electronic): 1932-6203

Publication date Collection: 2012

Publication date (Electronic): 18 September 2012

Publication date (Corrected, electronic): 27 September 2012

Volume: 7

Issue: 9

Electronic Location Identifier: e45082

Affiliations

[1 ]Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Hawaii John A. Burns School of Medicine, Honolulu, Hawaii, United States of America

[2 ]Department of Chemistry, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii, United States of America

University of Leuven, Rega Institute, Belgium

Author notes

* E-mail: junchen@ 123456hawaii.edu

Competing Interests: The authors maintain that there is no conflict of interest with regards to the cited patent (Chinese invention patent, CN1287848A). The patent belongs to Golden Basin Bio-Tech, and we have no ownership of their patent. The bamboo extract used in this study was donated to us by Golden Basin. We have no ownership or financial investment in Golden Basin, nor are receiving any remuneration or compensation from Golden Basin for our studies. This does not alter the authors' adherence to all the PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials.

Conceived and designed the experiments: JKH JP. Performed the experiments: JKH ZL. Analyzed the data: JKH ZL. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: PW JP. Wrote the paper: JKH JP.

Article

Publisher ID: PONE-D-12-04402

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0045082

PMC ID: 3445604

PubMed ID: 23028772

SO-VID: 0b714211-bc41-478b-86ac-8a38af2cde85

License:

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

History

Date received : 8 February 2012

Date accepted : 17 August 2012

Page count

Pages: 11

Funding

This work was supported by grants R21 AT003874 (Panee) and R21 AT005139 (Panee) from the National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NCCAM); grant U54RR022762 (RTRN Small Grant Program) from the National Center for Research Resources; grants from the National Center for Research Resources (5 G12 RR003061) and the National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities (8 G12 MD007601) from the National Institutes of Health; grants from the National Center for Research Resources (5P20RR016467-11) and the National Institute of General Medical Sciences (8 P20 GMl 03466-11) from the National Institutes of Health; and grant 5P20 MD000173-08 from National Center on Minority Health and Health Disparities (NCMHD). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.

Phyllostachys edulis Compounds Inhibit Palmitic Acid-Induced Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein 1 (MCP-1) Production

Read this article at

Abstract

Background

Methodology/Principal Findings

Conclusions/Significance

Related collections

PLOS Climate

Most cited references 45

MCP-1 contributes to macrophage infiltration into adipose tissue, insulin resistance, and hepatic steatosis in obesity.

The effects of plant flavonoids on mammalian cells: implications for inflammation, heart disease, and cancer.

AP-1 function and regulation.

Author and article information

Contributors

Journal

Affiliations

Author notes

Article

History

Page count

Funding

Categories

Comments

Comment on this article

Similar content 225

Cited by 8

Most referenced authors 929