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      Significancia práctica de resultados no paramétricos: aportes a "satisfacción e índice de masa corporal y su influencia en el autoconcepto físico"

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          The Simple Difference Formula: An Approach to Teaching Nonparametric Correlation

          Dave Kerby (2014)
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            The need to report effect size estimates revisited: An overview of some recommended measures of effect size

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              The ongoing tyranny of statistical significance testing in biomedical research.

              Since its introduction into the biomedical literature, statistical significance testing (abbreviated as SST) caused much debate. The aim of this perspective article is to review frequent fallacies and misuses of SST in the biomedical field and to review a potential way out of the fallacies and misuses associated with SSTs. Two frequentist schools of statistical inference merged to form SST as it is practised nowadays: the Fisher and the Neyman-Pearson school. The P-value is both reported quantitatively and checked against the alpha-level to produce a qualitative dichotomous measure (significant/nonsignificant). However, a P-value mixes the estimated effect size with its estimated precision. Obviously, it is not possible to measure these two things with one single number. For the valid interpretation of SSTs, a variety of presumptions and requirements have to be met. We point here to four of them: study size, correct statistical model, correct causal model, and absence of bias and confounding. It has been stated that the P-value is perhaps the most misunderstood statistical concept in clinical research. As in the social sciences, the tyranny of SST is still highly prevalent in the biomedical literature even after decades of warnings against SST. The ubiquitous misuse and tyranny of SST threatens scientific discoveries and may even impede scientific progress. In the worst case, misuse of significance testing may even harm patients who eventually are incorrectly treated because of improper handling of P-values. For a proper interpretation of study results, both estimated effect size and estimated precision are necessary ingredients.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Rev Esp Salud Publica
                Rev Esp Salud Publica
                resp
                Revista Española de Salud Pública
                Ministerio de Sanidad, Consumo y Bienestar social
                1135-5727
                2173-9110
                02 November 2020
                2020
                : 94
                : 202001011
                Affiliations
                [1 ] originalUniversidad de San Martín de Porres. Lima. Perú. orgnameUniversidad de San Martín de Porres Lima, Perú
                [2 ] originalUniversidad Los Angeles de Chimbote. Chimbote. Perú. orgnameUniversidad Los Angeles de Chimbote Chimbote, Perú
                Author notes
                Correspondencia: César Merino-Soto. Av. Tomás Marsano, 242, Surquillo-Lima 34, Perú. cmerinos@ 123456usmp.pe

                Los autores declaran que no existe ningún conflicto de interés.

                Article
                e202001011
                11566731
                0ba25809-5c20-4303-ac34-811384c3b939

                Este es un artículo publicado en acceso abierto bajo una licencia Creative Commons

                History
                : 26 October 2019
                : 09 December 2019
                : 30 January 2020
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 1, Equations: 0, References: 9
                Categories
                Cartas a La Dirección

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