13
views
0
recommends
+1 Recommend
0 collections
    0
    shares
      • Record: found
      • Abstract: not found
      • Article: not found

      Powassan Virus Disease in the United States, 2006–2016

      1 , 1 , 1 , 1
      Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases
      Mary Ann Liebert Inc

      Read this article at

      ScienceOpenPublisherPMC
      Bookmark
          There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

          Abstract

          <div class="section"> <a class="named-anchor" id="S1"> <!-- named anchor --> </a> <h5 class="section-title" id="d376249e142">Background</h5> <p id="P1">Powassan virus (POWV) is a tick-borne flavivirus that causes rare, but often severe, disease in humans. POWV neuroinvasive disease was added to the U.S. nationally notifiable disease list in 2001 and non-neuroinvasive disease was added in 2004. The only previous review of the epidemiology of POWV disease in the United States based on cases reported to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) covered the period from 1999 through 2005. </p> </div><div class="section"> <a class="named-anchor" id="S2"> <!-- named anchor --> </a> <h5 class="section-title" id="d376249e147">Methods</h5> <p id="P2">We describe the epidemiology and clinical features of laboratory-confirmed POWV disease cases reported to CDC from 2006 through 2016. </p> </div><div class="section"> <a class="named-anchor" id="S3"> <!-- named anchor --> </a> <h5 class="section-title" id="d376249e152">Results</h5> <p id="P3">There were 99 cases of POWV disease reported during the 11-year period, including 89 neuroinvasive and 10 non-neuroinvasive disease cases. There was a median of 7 cases per year (range: 1–22), with the highest numbers of cases reported in 2011 (n=16), 2013 (n=15) and 2016 (n=22). Cases occurred throughout the year but peaked in May and June. Cases were reported primarily from northeastern and north-central states. Overall, 72 (73%) cases were in males and the median age was 62 years (range: 3 months – 87 years). Of the 11 (11%) cases who died, all were aged &gt;50 years. The average annual incidence of neuroinvasive POWV disease was 0.0025 cases per 100,000 persons. </p> </div><div class="section"> <a class="named-anchor" id="S4"> <!-- named anchor --> </a> <h5 class="section-title" id="d376249e157">Conclusions</h5> <p id="P4">POWV disease can be a severe disease and has been diagnosed with increased frequency in recent years. However, this might reflect increased disease awareness, improved test availability, and enhanced surveillance efforts. Clinicians should consider POWV disease in patients presenting with acute encephalitis or aseptic meningitis who are resident in, or have traveled to, an appropriate geographic region. </p> </div>

          Related collections

          Most cited references14

          • Record: found
          • Abstract: found
          • Article: not found

          Diagnosis and Management of Tickborne Rickettsial Diseases: Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever and Other Spotted Fever Group Rickettsioses, Ehrlichioses, and Anaplasmosis - United States.

          Tickborne rickettsial diseases continue to cause severe illness and death in otherwise healthy adults and children, despite the availability of low-cost, effective antibacterial therapy. Recognition early in the clinical course is critical because this is the period when antibacterial therapy is most effective. Early signs and symptoms of these illnesses are nonspecific or mimic other illnesses, which can make diagnosis challenging. Previously undescribed tickborne rickettsial diseases continue to be recognized, and since 2004, three additional agents have been described as causes of human disease in the United States: Rickettsia parkeri, Ehrlichia muris-like agent, and Rickettsia species 364D. This report updates the 2006 CDC recommendations on the diagnosis and management of tickborne rickettsial diseases in the United States and includes information on the practical aspects of epidemiology, clinical assessment, treatment, laboratory diagnosis, and prevention of tickborne rickettsial diseases. The CDC Rickettsial Zoonoses Branch, in consultation with external clinical and academic specialists and public health professionals, developed this report to assist health care providers and public health professionals to 1) recognize key epidemiologic features and clinical manifestations of tickborne rickettsial diseases, 2) recognize that doxycycline is the treatment of choice for suspected tickborne rickettsial diseases in adults and children, 3) understand that early empiric antibacterial therapy can prevent severe disease and death, 4) request the appropriate confirmatory diagnostic tests and understand their usefulness and limitations, and 5) report probable and confirmed cases of tickborne rickettsial diseases to public health authorities.
            Bookmark
            • Record: found
            • Abstract: not found
            • Article: not found

            Surveillance for Lyme Disease — United States, 2008–2015

              Bookmark
              • Record: found
              • Abstract: found
              • Article: not found

              Update on Powassan virus: emergence of a North American tick-borne flavivirus.

              Powassan virus (POW) (Flaviviridae: Flavivirus) is the cause of rare but severe neuroinvasive disease in North America and Russia. The virus is transmitted among small- and medium-sized mammals by ixodid ticks. Human infections occur via spillover from the main transmission cycle(s). Since the late 1990s, the incidence of human disease seems to be increasing. In addition, POW constitutes a genetically diverse group of virus genotypes, including Deer tick virus, that are maintained in distinct enzootic transmission cycles. This review highlights recent research into POW, focusing on virus genetics and ecology and human disease. Important directions for future research are also discussed.
                Bookmark

                Author and article information

                Journal
                Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases
                Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases
                Mary Ann Liebert Inc
                1530-3667
                1557-7759
                June 2018
                June 2018
                : 18
                : 6
                : 286-290
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Arboviral Diseases Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Fort Collins, Colorado.
                Article
                10.1089/vbz.2017.2239
                5990475
                29652642
                0c2a296f-72e8-465e-986b-f50e6b1deb09
                © 2018
                History

                Comments

                Comment on this article