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      Effect of silicon applied to wheat plants on the biology and probing behaviour of the greenbug Schizaphis graminum (Rond.) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) Translated title: Efeito do silício, aplicado em plantas de trigo, na biologia e comportamento alimentar do pulgão-verde Schizaphis graminum (Rond.) (Hemiptera: Aphididae)

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          Abstract

          The effect of silicon-treated wheat plants (Triticum aestivum L.) on the greenbug, Schizaphis graminum (Rond.) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) was evaluated. Plants were treated with silicon incorporated to the soil and by foliar spraying. Aphid development was evaluated by observing the duration of the pre-reproductive, reproductive and post-reproductive periods, as well as fecundity and longevity. Probing behaviour was investigated by using the DC electrical penetration graphs (EPG) technique and a "honeydew clock". Silica treated plants had a clear adverse effect on aphid development. Stylet penetration was not affected by treatments showing no physical barriers by the plant tissue. However, stylet was withdrawn more often on plants treated with silica, resulting in reduction of probing time. Sieve elements were reached equally by aphids in all treatments and the insects remained ingesting phloem sap for similar periods. However, honeydew excretion was highly reduced indicating lower sap ingestion rate or higher sap retention inside the body. Chemical changes and induced resistance are possibly related to the reduction of aphid performance.

          Translated abstract

          Foi avaliado o efeito do silício, aplicado em plantas de trigo (Triticum aestivum L.) sobre o pulgão-verde Schizaphis graminum (Rond.) (Hemiptera: Aphididae). Plantas de trigo foram tratadas com silício incorporado no solo e aplicado nas folhas. Foram avaliadas as durações dos períodos pré-reprodutivo, reprodutivo e pós-reprodutivo, como também a fecundidade e a longevidade do pulgão-verde. O comportamento alimentar foi investigado utilizando-se a técnica de Electrical Penetration Graphs (EPG-DC) e "honeydew clock". Plantas tratadas com silício mostraram efeito adverso sobre o desenvolvimento do pulgão. A penetração dos estiletes não foi afetada pelos tratamentos com silício. Contudo, os estiletes foram retirados mais freqüentemente das plantas tratadas com silício, o que reduziu o tempo de prova. O xilema e o floema foram igualmente alcançados em todos os tratamentos e os pulgões permanecerem alimentando-se no floema por períodos similares. Entretanto, a excreção de honeydew foi reduzida no tratamento com silício, indicando menor taxa de ingestão ou maior retenção de seiva no corpo do pulgão. Portanto, alterações químicas e indução de resistência estão provavelmente envolvidas na redução da performance do pulgão, sem, entretanto, alterar seu período de alimentação.

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          Practical Non-parametric statistics

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            Efeito do silício na resistência do sorgo (Sorgum bicolor) ao pulgão-verde Schizaphis graminum (Rond.) (Homoptera: Aphididae)

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              The Effects of Silicon Supplementation on Cucumber Fruit: Changes in Surface Characteristics

              A. Samuels (1993)
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                ne
                Neotropical Entomology
                Neotrop. entomol.
                Sociedade Entomológica do Brasil (Londrina )
                1678-8052
                October 2005
                : 34
                : 5
                : 807-813
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Universidade Federal de Lavras Brazil
                [2 ] Universidade Federal de Lavras Brazil
                Article
                S1519-566X2005000500013
                10.1590/S1519-566X2005000500013
                0ca55db4-bc22-4900-a375-14d59f1cad96

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

                History
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=1519-566X&lng=en
                Categories
                ENTOMOLOGY

                Entomology
                Insecta,resistência,biologia,EPG,resistance,honeydew,biology
                Entomology
                Insecta, resistência, biologia, EPG, resistance, honeydew, biology

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