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      Estudio de prescripción-indicación de daptomicina en el Hospital Central de la Defensa «Gómez Ulla» Translated title: Daptomycin prescription-indication study in Hospital Central de la Defensa «Gómez Ulla»

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          Abstract

          RESUMEN Introducción: La daptomicina es un antimicrobiano bactericida, activo contra bacterias gram-positivas; indicado según ficha técnica en el tratamiento de infecciones complicadas de piel y partes blandas (IPPBc), endocarditis infecciosa derecha (EID) causada por S. aureus y bacteriemia por S. aureus si se asocia a IPPBc o EID. Sin embargo, también se prescribe daptomicina en indicaciones, o pautas distintas a las aprobadas. Pacientes y métodos: Diseño: estudio de utilización de medicamentos de prescripción-indicación, retrospectivo; en el Hospital Central de la Defensa «Gómez Ulla», del 15 de julio al 31 de octubre de 2019. Objetivo: conocer indicaciones y forma de uso de daptomicina. Muestreo y tamaño muestral: consecutivo no probabilístico, N=30. Elaboración ad hoc del cuaderno de recogida de datos, con características clínico-demográficas y farmacológicas. Relación de causalidad ante sospecha de reacción adversa medicamentosa por el algoritmo de Karch y Lasagna modificado. Análisis estadístico descriptivo con el programa SPSS 25.0. Resultados: En el 87% (26/30) de los casos la indicación se adecuó a ficha técnica, siendo las indicaciones más prevalentes IPPBc y bacteriemia. Pese a las recomendaciones de la ficha técnica, en el 17% (5/30) de los pacientes que tenían un aclaramiento de creatinina inferior a 30 ml/min no se realizó ajuste renal de la pauta posológica, y en un 64% (19/30) de los casos no existió control de CPK. Se produjo un caso de aumento de CPK con relación de causalidad «probable». Conclusiones: Ausencia de desviaciones importantes respecto a las indicaciones de daptomicina. Se objetiva la necesidad de intervención informativa respecto a seguridad: a) ajuste conforme a función renal del paciente y b) control de los niveles de CPK antes y durante el tratamiento.

          Translated abstract

          SUMMARY Introduction: Daptomycin is a bactericidal antimicrobial, active against gram-positive bacteria; indicated by summary product characteristics (SmPC) in the treatment of complicated skin and soft tissue infections, right infective endocarditis caused by S. aureus, and S. aureus bacteremia if it is associated with one of them. However, daptomycin is also prescribed in other indications, or other doses than those approved, arising the need to analyze its use. Patients and methods: Design: drug utilization study of the type prescription-indication, retrospective; in Hospital Central de la Defensa «Gómez Ulla», from July 15 to October 31, 2019. Objective: to know indications and the use of daptomycin. Sampling and sample size: consecutive non-probabilistic, N = 30. Ad hoc preparation of the data collection logbook, including clinical, demographic and pharmacological characteristics. Karch and Lasagna's modified algorithm to determine the causal relationship of adverse drug reactions suspicion. Descriptive statistical analysis with SPSS 25.0 program. Results: In 87% (26/30) of the cases the indication was adapted to SmPC; complicated skin and soft tissue infections and bacteremia were the most prevalent indications. Despite the recommendations in the SmPC, 17% (5/30) of the patients had a creatinine clearance less than 30 ml/min, but there was no renal adjustment of the dose regimen, and in 64% (19/30) of the cases there was no CPK control. There was one case of an increase in CPK with a «probable» causality relationship. Conclusions: Absence of significant deviations from the indications of daptomycin. The need for informative intervention regarding safety is objectified: a) adjustment according to the patient's renal function and b) control of CPK levels before and during treatment.

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          Most cited references24

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          The empirical antibiotic treatment of nosocomial spontaneous bacterial peritonitis: Results of a randomized, controlled clinical trial.

          Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) is a common, life-threatening complication of liver cirrhosis. Third-generation cephalosporins have been considered the first-line treatment of SBP. In 2014, a panel of experts suggested a broader spectrum antibiotic regimen for nosocomial SBP, according to the high rate of bacteria resistant to third-generation cephalosporins found in these patients. However, a broader-spectrum antibiotic regimen has never been compared to third-generation cephalosporins in the treatment of nosocomial SBP. The aim of our study was to compare meropenem plus daptomycin versus ceftazidime in the treatment of nosocomial SBP. Patients with cirrhosis and nosocomial SBP were randomized to receive meropenem (1 g/8 hours) plus daptomycin (6 mg/kg/day) or ceftazidime (2 g/8 hours). A paracentesis was performed after 48 hours of treatment. A reduction in ascitic fluid neutrophil count <25% of pretreatment value was considered a treatment failure. The primary outcome was the efficacy of treatment defined by the resolution of SBP after 7 days of treatment. Thirty-two patients were randomized and 31 were analyzed. The combination of meropenem plus daptomycin was significantly more effective than ceftazidime in the treatment of nosocomial SBP (86.7 vs. 25%; P < 0.001). Ninety-day transplant-free survival (TFS) was not significantly different between the two groups. In the multivariate analysis, ineffective response to first-line treatment (hazard ratio [HR]: 20.6; P = 0.01), development of acute kidney injury during hospitalization (HR: 23.2; P = 0.01), and baseline mean arterial pressure (HR: 0.92; P = 0.01) were found to be independent predictors of 90-day TFS.
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            The target of daptomycin is absent from Escherichia coli and other gram-negative pathogens.

            Antistaphylococcal agents commonly lack activity against Gram-negative bacteria like Escherichia coli owing to the permeability barrier presented by the outer membrane and/or the action of efflux transporters. When these intrinsic resistance mechanisms are artificially compromised, such agents almost invariably demonstrate antibacterial activity against Gram negatives. Here we show that this is not the case for the antibiotic daptomycin, whose target appears to be absent from E. coli and other Gram-negative pathogens.
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              Effect of Daptomycin Dose on the Outcome of Vancomycin-Resistant, Daptomycin-Susceptible Enterococcus faecium Bacteremia.

              Treatment options for vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) bloodstream infection (BSI) are limited. Daptomycin, although not currently approved for this indication, is frequently used for the treatment of VRE-BSI. Its optimal dose still needs to be determined.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                sm
                Sanidad Militar
                Sanid. Mil.
                Ministerio de Defensa (Madrid, Madrid, Spain )
                1887-8571
                December 2021
                : 77
                : 4
                : 198-202
                Affiliations
                [1] Torrejón de Ardoz Madrid orgnameAgrupación Base Área de Torrejón España
                [4] Madrid orgnameHospital Central de la Defensa orgdiv1Servicio Farmacología Clínica España
                [2] Zaragoza orgnameAgrupación Base Área de Zaragoza España
                [3] Madrid orgnameHospital Central de la Defensa orgdiv1Servicio Farmacología Clínica España
                Article
                S1887-85712021000400198 S1887-8571(21)07700400198
                10.4321/s1887-85712021000400005
                0ce2323b-b5c7-453f-85bb-fff485a00e04

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

                History
                : 30 November 2020
                : 28 December 2020
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 24, Pages: 5
                Product

                SciELO Spain

                Categories
                Artículo Original

                insuficiencia renal-daptomicina,CPK-daptomycin,renal failure-daptomycin,Central Defense Hospital «Gómez Ulla»-daptomycin,Staphylococcus aureus-daptomycin,drug utilization study-daptomycin,Daptomycin,CPK-daptomicina,Daptomicina,EUM-daptomicina,Staphylococcus aureus-daptomicina,Hospital Central de la Defensa «Gómez Ulla»-daptomicina

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