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      The Bacteriological Quality of Hemodialysis Solution as Related to Several Environmental Factors

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          Abstract

          The bacterial concentrations of the municipal water increased by more than 39-fold when subjected to reverse osmosis; then decreased by greater than 200-fold within the reservoir and water supply system of the hemodialysis center. The bacterial concentrations of dialysate solutions in contact with proportioning single-pass artificial kidney machines were as low or lower than the water from the hemodialysis center system ( < 10 CFU/100 ml.). The complete opposite was observed in the recirculating single-pass artificial kidney machines where bacterial concentrations in the dialysate solution reached levels greater than 1.0 × 10<sup>6</sup> CFU/100 ml.

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          Author and article information

          Journal
          NEF
          Nephron
          10.1159/issn.1660-8151
          Nephron
          S. Karger AG
          1660-8151
          2235-3186
          1975
          1975
          28 November 2008
          : 15
          : 2
          : 87-97
          Affiliations
          From the Departments of Medicine and Environmental Health and Safety, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minn.
          Article
          180500 Nephron 1975;15:87–97
          10.1159/000180500
          807862
          0d136884-c953-4229-b601-585fbfc5b8e9
          © 1975 S. Karger AG, Basel

          Copyright: All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be translated into other languages, reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, microcopying, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Drug Dosage: The authors and the publisher have exerted every effort to ensure that drug selection and dosage set forth in this text are in accord with current recommendations and practice at the time of publication. However, in view of ongoing research, changes in government regulations, and the constant flow of information relating to drug therapy and drug reactions, the reader is urged to check the package insert for each drug for any changes in indications and dosage and for added warnings and precautions. This is particularly important when the recommended agent is a new and/or infrequently employed drug. Disclaimer: The statements, opinions and data contained in this publication are solely those of the individual authors and contributors and not of the publishers and the editor(s). The appearance of advertisements or/and product references in the publication is not a warranty, endorsement, or approval of the products or services advertised or of their effectiveness, quality or safety. The publisher and the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to persons or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content or advertisements.

          History
          : 20 August 1974
          : 10 September 1974
          Page count
          Pages: 11
          Categories
          Original Paper

          Cardiovascular Medicine,Nephrology
          Hemodialysis,Reverse osmosis,Febrile reactions,Artificial kidney machines,Endotoxins,Bacterial contamination

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