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      Intervencionismo en oclusiones crónicas: evaluación de la efectividad cruce de distintas guías y balones según complejidad Translated title: Percutaneous coronary interventions in chronic coronary occlusions: effectiveness of different guides and balloons according to complexity of total coronary artery occlusion

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          Abstract

          Antecedentes: El intervencionismo en las oclusiones totales crónicas (OTC) requiere técnicas complejas y el éxito es poco predecible. Es útil identificar la efectividad de las guías de cruce y del balón para el intervencionismo en distintos niveles de complejidad de OTC. Objetivos: Evaluar la efectividad de cruce de distintas guías y balones en el tratamiento de OTC. Métodos: Se revisa en forma retrospectiva la efectividad de distintos tipos de guías y balones de cruce utilizados en intervencionismo de OTC efectuados entre agosto de 2007 y agosto de 2009. Se define "efectividad" como la capacidad de avanzar y cruzar la oclusión crónica con la guía y el balón, ambas necesarias para efectuar la angioplastia de la OTC. Se agrupan los resultados según el nivel de complejidad de la OTC de acuerdo a score propio, distinguiendo entre OTC simples, complejas y de alta complejidad. Resultado: En el período estudiado se revisan 90 OTC. Se utilizan 148 guías (1,6 guía/proc.) y se utilizan 92 balones en 76 procedimiento que logran paso efectivo de guía. (1,2 bal/proc). Se realiza una tabla con la tasa de efectividad de distintas guías y balones de cruce. Destaca la utilidad de guía PT2 en lesiones simples y complejas, como la utilidad de la guía Miracle 6 en OTC de alta complejidad. Conclusiones: En OTC se obtiene un éxito de 67% en nuestro medio, con mayor efectividad de la guía PT2 en lesiones simples y complejas y de Miracle 6 en lesiones de alta complejidad. En cuanto a balones se obtiene mayor efectividad en los tipo Maverick, Mercury y Voyaguer de 1,5 mm en lesiones simples y complejas, como del Balón Maverick de 1,5 mm en lesiones de alta complejidad. Es de gran utilidad un registro de la efectividad de balones y guías en el tratamiento de OTC, lo que permite al intervencionista una adecuada elección del material con el consecuente ahorro de tiempo y mayor efectividad del procedimiento.

          Translated abstract

          Background.: PCI in chronic coronary occlusions requi-res complex techniques and is associated to less predictable results. It is important to evalúate the effectiveness of different guides and balloons in PCI for total coronary occlusion (TCO). Aim: To evalúate the effectiveness of different guides and balloons in the treatment of TCO. Methods: A retrospective review of the effectiveness of different guides and balloons in the treatment of TCO perfor-med from 2007 to 2009 was carried out Effectiveness was defined as the ability to traverse the occlusion with the guide and the balloon. The analysis was performed according to groups defined by the complexity of the TCO as assessed by alocally developed score. Occlusions were classified as simple, complex or highly complex. Results: 90 procedures were analyzed 148 guides were uti-lized (mean of 1.6 per procedure) and 92 balloons were used in 76 cases were the guide successfully crossed the occlusion. The PT2 guide was effective for simple and complex lesions, whereas de Miracle 6 guide was effective in the treatment of highly complex lesions. Regarding balloons, the Maverick, Mercury and Voyageur 1.5 mm were satisfactory in simple and complex lesions, while the Maverick 1.5mm was more effective in highly complex lesions Conclusión: TCO was successfully treated by PCI in 67% of cases. PT2 guides and all types of balloons were effective for treatment of simple and complex lesions. In contrast, the Miracle 6 guide and the Maverick 1.5 balloon were more effective in highly complex lesions. These findings may be useful to help de proper selection of angioplasty materials when trea-tingTOC.

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          Coronary angioplasty of chronic occlusions: factors predictive of procedural success.

          In a retrospective study of 365 chronic total occlusions that were submitted for angioplasty, we studied the influence of 27 clinical, morphologic, and procedural variables as possible predictors of successful outcomes. Success rate was shown to be significantly influenced by the following variables: operator experience (41% in early patients, first 6 months; 73% in late patients, last 6 months of entire series; p less than 0.001), duration of occlusion (less than or equal to 1 month, 89%; 1 to 3 months 87%; greater than or equal to 3 months 45%; unknown 60%; p less than 0.001), morphology of occlusion (tapered, 83%; abrupt, 51%), length of occlusion (less than or equal to 15 mm, 71%; greater than 15 mm, 60%; p less than 0.001), and bridging collaterals (present, 29%; absent, 67%; p less than 0.001). None of the other clinical, angiographic, or procedural variables correlated with the success rate of coronary angioplasty. The calculated probability for an experienced operator (greater than 100 occlusions attempted) to successfully open an occlusion with favorable morphology (less than or equal to 1 month old, short, tapered, without bridging collaterals) is 99%. An attempt by the same operator to open an occlusion with unfavorable structure (greater than or equal to 3 months old, long, untapered) has only 47% probability of success. The probability increases to 84% when the occlusion is tapered. We concluded that in addition to the duration and the length of occlusion, tapered morphology, bridging collaterals, and operator experience can predict successful angioplasty in chronic total coronary occlusion.
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            Initial experience with a hydrophilic-coated guidewire for recanalization of chronic coronary occlusions.

            Chronic coronary occlusions are still a therapeutic challenge to the interventional cardiologist. New techniques such as laser wire have improved recanalization rates, but outcomes are still far from satisfactory. We report the results of a nonrandomized single-center investigation using a hydrophilic-coated guidewire (Terumo Crosswire). Between September 1996 and September 1998, 107 chronic occlusions in 106 patients were approached when previous attempts with conventional guidewires failed. Median occlusion duration in these cases was 4 months (range, 0.5-122); mean occlusion length was 19 +/- 11 mm (range, 5-60). Forty-five (42%) of these attempts were successful. Attempts were successful in 42% in the left anterior descending artery, in 30% in the left circumflex artery, in 48% in the right coronary artery, and in 43% in coronary artery bypass grafts. Success rates ranged from 56% for occlusions of less than 4-month duration to 18% for occlusions of more than 36-month duration. The success rate in TIMI 1-flow lesions was significantly higher than in TIMI 0 flow lesions, 85% vs. 36%. In a multivariate regression analysis, TIMI flow grade and occlusion age were independent predictors of success. There were no deaths or Q-wave myocardial infarctions; two cases of hemopericardium were treated successfully. In five cases, pericardial contrast staining due to vessel perforation occurred. Our results indicate that the Crosswire is an effective tool in the treatment of chronic coronary occlusions, even when recanalization attempts with conventional guidewires fail. Cathet. Cardiovasc. Intervent. 49:45-50, 2000.
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              A randomized study comparing two guidewire strategies for angioplasty of chronic total coronary occlusion.

              Chronic total coronary occlusions were more frequently crossed using the Crosswire as a primary guidewire strategy than with the conventional strategy. This strategy resulted in a lower number of guidewires being used, a trend toward shorter procedural and fluoroscopy times, and decreased use of contrast media.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                rchcardiol
                Revista chilena de cardiología
                Rev Chil Cardiol
                Sociedad Chilena de Cardiología y Cirugía Cardiovascular (Santiago, , Chile )
                0718-8560
                2010
                : 29
                : 3
                : 299-305
                Affiliations
                [01] orgnameHospital Barros Luco Trudeau orgdiv1Departamento de Hemodinamia Chile
                Article
                S0718-85602010000300003 S0718-8560(10)02900303
                10.4067/S0718-85602010000300003
                0d95f221-f190-4a19-ae88-827b59ff6125

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 12 August 2010
                : 06 May 2010
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 6, Pages: 7
                Product

                SciELO Chile

                Categories
                Investigaciones Clínicas

                PTCA,Total chronic occlusions
                PTCA, Total chronic occlusions

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