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      Factors influencing the intention of Indonesian nursing students to work in rural areas

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          Abstract

          Objective

          The aim of this study was to analyse the factors associated with the intention of Indonesian nursing students to work in rural areas.

          Design

          This was a cross-sectional study. The instrument used was a self-developed questionnaire consisting of 13 questions. The data were analysed using the χ2 statistics test and binary logistic regression with a level of significance <0.05.

          Setting

          The study was conducted at a public nursing school located in urban Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia, in December 2017.

          Participants

          A total of 714 nursing students from four different programmes were involved.

          Results

          This study found that almost 60% of nursing students were reluctant to work in rural areas. Of the three variables which were significant in the χ2 analysis, only two were significant following the logistic regression test, namely the class programmes of undergraduate regulars (OR=2.274; 95% CI 1.326 to 3.900), profession regulars (OR=2.262; 95% CI 1.110 to 4.607) and rural place of origin (OR=1.405; 95% CI 1.036 to 1.906).

          Conclusion

          The education programme and place of origin were associated with the intention of nursing students to work in rural areas. Therefore, the recruitment of prospective nurses should consider these factors by considering the local context.

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          Most cited references34

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          Solving nursing shortages: a common priority.

          This paper provides a context for this special edition. It highlights the scale of the challenge of nursing shortages, but also makes the point that there is a policy agenda that provides workable solutions. An overview of nurse:population ratios in different countries and regions of the world, highlighting considerable variations, with Africa and South East Asia having the lowest average ratios. The paper argues that the 'shortage' of nurses is not necessarily a shortage of individuals with nursing qualifications, it is a shortage of nurses willing to work in the present conditions. The causes of shortages are multi-faceted, and there is no single global measure of their extent and nature, there is growing evidence of the impact of relatively low staffing levels on health care delivery and outcomes. The main causes of nursing shortages are highlighted: inadequate workforce planning and allocation mechanisms, resource constrained undersupply of new staff, poor recruitment, retention and 'return' policies, and ineffective use of available nursing resources through inappropriate skill mix and utilisation, poor incentive structures and inadequate career support. What now faces policy makers in Japan, Europe and other developed countries is a policy agenda with a core of common themes. First, themes related to addressing supply side issues: getting, keeping and keeping in touch with relatively scarce nurses. Second, themes related to dealing with demand side challenges. The paper concludes that the main challenge for policy makers is to develop a co-ordinated package of policies that provide a long term and sustainable solution. This paper highlights the impact that nursing shortages has on clinical practice and in health service delivery. It outlines scope for addressing shortage problems and therefore for providing a more positive staffing environment in which clinical practice can be delivered.
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            Experiences from nutritional rehabilitation among under 5 children from a remote mountain area of Nepal.

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              Policy interventions that attract nurses to rural areas: a multicountry discrete choice experiment

              OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the relative effectiveness of different policies in attracting nurses to rural areas in Kenya, South Africa and Thailand using data from a discrete choice experiment (DCE). METHODS: A labelled DCE was designed to model the relative effectiveness of both financial and non-financial strategies designed to attract nurses to rural areas. Data were collected from over 300 graduating nursing students in each country. Mixed logit models were used for analysis and to predict the uptake of rural posts under different incentive combinations. FINDINGS: Nurses' preferences for different human resource policy interventions varied significantly between the three countries. In Kenya and South Africa, better educational opportunities or rural allowances would be most effective in increasing the uptake of rural posts, while in Thailand better health insurance coverage would have the greatest impact. CONCLUSION: DCEs can be designed to help policy-makers choose more effective interventions to address staff shortages in rural areas. Intervention packages tailored to local conditions are more likely to be effective than standardized global approaches.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Fam Med Community Health
                Fam Med Community Health
                fmch
                fmch
                Family Medicine and Community Health
                BMJ Publishing Group (BMA House, Tavistock Square, London, WC1H 9JR )
                2305-6983
                2009-8774
                2019
                5 July 2019
                : 7
                : 3
                : e000144
                Affiliations
                [1 ] departmentFaculty of Nursing , Universitas Airlangga , Surabaya, Indonesia
                [2 ] departmentVisiting Fellow, School of Nursing and Midwifery , La Trobe University , Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
                [3 ] departmentDepartment of Nursing , Universiti Malaya Fakulti Perubatan , Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
                Author notes
                [Correspondence to ] Dr Ferry Efendi; ferry-e@ 123456fkp.unair.ac.id
                Author information
                http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7988-9196
                http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4606-6094
                Article
                fmch-2019-000144
                10.1136/fmch-2019-000144
                6910751
                32148718
                0da37d6e-e4f8-4310-b4d4-3d32baef8624
                © Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2019. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.

                This is an open access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited, appropriate credit is given, any changes made indicated, and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/.

                History
                : 22 March 2019
                : 20 May 2019
                : 22 May 2019
                Categories
                Focus on Asia Pacific
                1506
                Custom metadata
                unlocked

                career choice,health workforce,nursing education,nursing students,rural health,workplace,indonesia

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