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      Highly Sensitive and Transparent Strain Sensors with an Ordered Array Structure of AgNWs for Wearable Motion and Health Monitoring

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          Abstract

          Sensitivity and transparency are critical properties for flexible and wearable electronic devices, and how to engineer both these properties simultaneously is dramatically essential. Here, for the first time, we report the assembly of ordered array structures of silver nanowires (AgNWs) via a simple water-bath pulling method to align the AgNWs embedded on polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). Compared with sensors prepared by direct drop-casting or transfer-printing methods, our developed sensor represents a considerable breakthrough in both sensitivity and transparency. The maximum transmittance was 86.3% at a wavelength of 550 nm, and the maximum gauge factor was as high as 84.6 at a strain of 30%. This remarkably sensitive and transparent flexible sensor has strictly stable and reliable responses to motion capture and human body signals; it is also expected to be able to help monitor disabled physical conditions or assist medical therapy while ensuring privacy protection.

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          Most cited references35

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          Stretchable, Skin-Mountable, and Wearable Strain Sensors and Their Potential Applications: A Review

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            Flexible Graphene-Based Wearable Gas and Chemical Sensors.

            Wearable electronics is expected to be one of the most active research areas in the next decade; therefore, nanomaterials possessing high carrier mobility, optical transparency, mechanical robustness and flexibility, lightweight, and environmental stability will be in immense demand. Graphene is one of the nanomaterials that fulfill all these requirements, along with other inherently unique properties and convenience to fabricate into different morphological nanostructures, from atomically thin single layers to nanoribbons. Graphene-based materials have also been investigated in sensor technologies, from chemical sensing to detection of cancer biomarkers. The progress of graphene-based flexible gas and chemical sensors in terms of material preparation, sensor fabrication, and their performance are reviewed here. The article provides a brief introduction to graphene-based materials and their potential applications in flexible and stretchable wearable electronic devices. The role of graphene in fabricating flexible gas sensors for the detection of various hazardous gases, including nitrogen dioxide (NO2), ammonia (NH3), hydrogen (H2), hydrogen sulfide (H2S), carbon dioxide (CO2), sulfur dioxide (SO2), and humidity in wearable technology, is discussed. In addition, applications of graphene-based materials are also summarized in detecting toxic heavy metal ions (Cd, Hg, Pb, Cr, Fe, Ni, Co, Cu, Ag), and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) including nitrobenzene, toluene, acetone, formaldehyde, amines, phenols, bisphenol A (BPA), explosives, chemical warfare agents, and environmental pollutants. The sensitivity, selectivity and strategies for excluding interferents are also discussed for graphene-based gas and chemical sensors. The challenges for developing future generation of flexible and stretchable sensors for wearable technology that would be usable for the Internet of Things (IoT) are also highlighted.
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              Flexible and Highly Sensitive Strain Sensors Fabricated by Pencil Drawn for Wearable Monitor

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                jhj7005@hit.edu.cn
                Journal
                Sci Rep
                Sci Rep
                Scientific Reports
                Nature Publishing Group UK (London )
                2045-2322
                20 February 2019
                20 February 2019
                2019
                : 9
                : 2403
                Affiliations
                [1 ]GRID grid.452527.3, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining, , School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology at Shenzhen, ; Shenzhen, 518055 P. R. China
                [2 ]GRID grid.452527.3, Center of Flexible and Printable Electronics, , Harbin Institute of Technology at Shenzhen, ; Shenzhen, 518055 P. R. China
                [3 ]ISNI 0000 0004 0470 8348, GRID grid.452278.e, Singapore Institute of Manufacturing Technology, ; 73 Nanyang Drive, 637662 Singapore, Singapore
                Author information
                http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4159-6838
                Article
                38931
                10.1038/s41598-019-38931-x
                6382792
                30787401
                0e21b118-60a7-4f73-8071-e391565e71ad
                © The Author(s) 2019

                Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

                History
                : 20 July 2018
                : 14 January 2019
                Funding
                Funded by: o supported by the Guangdong Province Natural Science Foundation (2017A030313302), the Shenzhen Science and Technology Plan Projects No. AK24405046.
                Funded by: Guangdong Province Natural Science Foundation (2017A030313302) Shenzhen Science and Technology Plan Projects No. JCYJ20170307150122514
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