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      Variables motivacionales predictoras de las barreras para la práctica de ejercicio físico en adolescentes Translated title: Predictors of barriers to physical exercise in adolescents motivational variables Translated title: Variáveis motivacionais preditoras das barreiras para a prática de exercício físico em adolescentes

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          Abstract

          En el presente trabajo se realizó una predicción de las barreras para la práctica de ejercicio físico en 356 adolescentes, con edades comprendidas entre los 11 y los 17 años (M = 13,56; DT = 1,39), empleando como marco teórico el modelo jerárquico de la motivación de Vallerand, para ello, a través de cuestionarios se midió: la percepción del clima motivacional que implica a la tarea de los padres, la creencia incremental de habilidad, la necesidad de competencia, la motivación intrínseca y las barreras para la práctica de ejercicio físico. El modelo de ecuaciones estructurales mostró que la percepción del clima motivacional que implica a la tarea de los padres predecía positivamente la creencia incremental, ésta a su vez, predecía de forma positiva la necesidad de competencia, dicho mediador predijo positivamente la motivación intrínseca, y por último, la motivación más autodeterminada predecía de forma negativa las barreras para la práctica de ejercicio físico. De los hallazgos de este trabajo destacar la relevancia de fomentar la necesidad psicológica básica de competencia para reducir el número de barreras percibidas por los sujetos a la hora de realizar ejercicio físico, y en consecuencia evitar el abandono de la práctica físico-deportiva de los adolescentes.

          Translated abstract

          In this work we were done a prediction of barriers to physical exercise in 356 adolescents, aged between 11 and 17 years (M = 13,56; DT = 1,39), using it as a theoretical framework of the hierarchical model of motivation Vallerand for this, through questionnaires was measured: the perceived motivational climate involving the task of the parents, the incremental ability belief, the need for competence, intrinsic motivation and barriers to physical exercise. The structural equation modeling showed that the perceived motivational climate involving the task of the parents positively predicted incremental belief, this in turn positively predicted the need for competition, said mediator positively predicted intrinsic motivation and finally, the most self-determined motivation negatively predicted barriers to physical exercise. From the findings of this study highlight the importance of improve basic psychological need of competence to reduce the number of barriers perceived by the subjects at the time of physical exercise, and thus avoid the abandonment of the practice of physical and sporting teenagers.

          Translated abstract

          No presente trabalho realizou-se uma predição das barreiras para a prática de exercício físico em 356 adolescentes, com idades compreendidas entre os 11 e os 17 anos (M = 13,56; DP = 1,39), empregando como marco teórico o modelo hierárquico da motivação de Vallerand, onde através de questionários se mediu: a perceção do clima motivacional que implica à tarefa dos pais, a crença incremental de habilidade, a necessidade de competência, a motivação intrínseca e as barreiras para a prática de exercício físico. O modelo de equações estruturais mostrou que a perceção do clima motivacional que implica à tarefa dos pais predizia positivamente a crença incremental, esta por sua vez, predizia de forma positiva a necessidade de competência, onde tal mediador prediz positivamente a motivação intrínseca e, por último, a motivação mais auto-determinada predizia de forma negativa as barreiras para a prática de exercício físico. Das conclusões alcançadas neste trabalho, são de destacar a relevância de fomentar a necessidade psicológica básica da competência para reduzir o número de barreiras percebidas pelos sujeitos no momento de praticar exercício físico e, como consequência, evitar o abandono da prática físico-desportiva dos adolescentes.

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          Most cited references43

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          Tracking of Physical Activity from Childhood to Adulthood: A Review

          The aim of the article was to review studies on the tracking of physical activity in all phases of life from childhood to late adulthood. The majority of the studies have been published since 2000. The follow-up time in most studies was short, the median being 9 years. In men, the stability of physical activity was significant but low or moderate during all life phases and also in longterm follow-ups. In women, the tracking was lower and in many cases non-significant. Among both sexes, stability seems to be lower in early childhood than in adolescence or in adulthood and lower in transitional phases, such as from childhood to adolescence or from adolescence to adulthood, than in adulthood. However, the differences in the stability of physical activity between age groups and between different phases of life were small. The number of tracking studies utilising objective methods to measure physical activity was so small that systematic differences in stability between self-report and objective methods could not be determined. A factor which caused differences in tracking results was the adjustment of correlations for measurement error and other error variance. Adjusted coefficients were clearly higher than unadjusted ones. However, adjustment was done only in very few studies. If the different methods used for estimating habitual physical activity and the failure to control for important covariates in studies of tracking are taken into account, physical activity appears to track reasonably well also in the longer term, for example from adolescence to adulthood. The results of the tracking studies support the idea that the enhancement of physical activity in children and adolescents is of great importance for the promotion of public health.
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            A Prospective Study of Participation in Optional School Physical Education Using a Self-Determination Theory Framework.

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              The role of self-determined motivation in the understanding of exercise-related behaviours, cognitions and physical self-evaluations.

              Grounded in self-determination theory (Deci & Ryan, 1985), the purpose of the present study was to examine whether amotivation, self-determined and controlling types of motivation could predict a range of exercise-related behaviours, cognitions and physical self-evaluations. Exercisers (n = 375) from ten health clubs in the North of England completed questionnaires measuring exercise motivation, exercise stages of change, number of relapses from exercise, future intention to exercise, barriers self-efficacy, physical self-worth and social physique anxiety. Controlling for age and sex, multiple and logistic regression analyses supported our hypotheses by showing self-determined motivation (i.e. intrinsic motivation and identified regulation) to predict more adaptive behavioural, cognitive and physical self-evaluation patterns than external regulation and amotivation. Introjected regulation was related to both adaptive and maladaptive outcomes. Furthermore, a multivariate analysis of variance revealed that exercisers in the maintenance stage of change displayed significantly more self-determined motivation to exercise than those in the preparation and action stages. The results illustrate the importance of promoting self-determined motivation in exercisers to improve the quality of their experiences, as well as to foster their exercise behaviour. Future research should examine the mechanisms that promote self-determined motivation in exercise.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                cpd
                Cuadernos de Psicología del Deporte
                CPD
                Universidad de Murcia (Murcia, Región de Murcia, Spain )
                1578-8423
                1989-5879
                May 2016
                : 16
                : 2
                : 65-76
                Affiliations
                [01] Cáceres orgnameUniversidad de Extremadura orgdiv1Facultad de Ciencias del Deporte orgdiv2Laboratorio Análisis Didáctico y Comportamental del Deporte
                Article
                S1578-84232016000200008
                0e26e17f-8aef-45a8-a04c-029ccee6d964

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 International License.

                History
                : 27 March 2016
                : 23 December 2014
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 65, Pages: 12
                Product

                SciELO Spain


                abandonment,physical activity,Clima motivacional,auto-determinação,perceção de capacidades,abandono,atividade física,autodeterminación,percepción de habilidad,actividad física,Motivational climate,self-determination,perception of ability

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