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      Neoliberalism and precarious work in nursing in the COVID-19 pandemic: repercussions on mental health Translated title: Neoliberalismo y precariedad del trabajo de enfermería en la pandemia de COVID-19: repercusiones en la salud mental Translated title: O neoliberalismo e a precarização do trabalho em enfermagem na pandemia de COVID-19: repercussões na saúde mental

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          Abstract

          Objective:

          to understand how the contradictions and tensions of neoliberal policy, materialized in precarious work, affect nursing workers’ mental health in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic.

          Method:

          this is a study with a qualitative and descriptive approach, analyzed in the light of neoliberal economic policy. Data were collected through virtual means, with the participation of 719 nursing workers, from April to June 2020. To organize the data, the IRaMuTeQ ® software and thematic analysis were used.

          Results:

          the reports revealed the lack of value of workers and the loss of social labor rights; the progressive nature of the neoliberal policy, its threats and repercussions on workers’ mental health; and recognition by female workers that political and class participation does not occur in isolation, but collectively.

          Conclusion:

          under the aegis of neoliberal policy, the COVID-19 pandemic brought an upsurge precarious work, influencing nursing workers’ subjectivity and mental health.

          RESUMO

          Objetivo:

          compreender como as contradições e tensões da política neoliberal, materializadas na precarização do trabalho, repercutem na saúde mental das trabalhadoras da enfermagem no contexto da pandemia de COVID-19.

          Método:

          trata-se de estudo de abordagem qualitativa e descritiva, analisado à luz da política econômica neoliberal. Dados coletados por meios virtuais, com participação de 719 trabalhadoras de enfermagem, no período de abril a junho de 2020. Para a organização dos dados, foi utilizado o software IRaMuTeQ ® e análise temática.

          Resultados:

          os relatos revelaram o desvalor das trabalhadoras e as perdas dos direitos sociais trabalhistas; a progressividade da política neoliberal, suas ameaças e repercussão na saúde mental das trabalhadoras; e reconhecimento das trabalhadoras de que a participação política e de classe não ocorre de forma isolada, mas coletiva.

          Conclusão:

          sob a égide da política neoliberal, a pandemia de COVID-19 trouxe um recrudescimento da precariedade do trabalho, influenciando na subjetividade e na saúde mental das trabalhadoras de enfermagem.

          RESUMEN

          Objetivo:

          comprender cómo las contradicciones y tensiones de la política neoliberal, materializadas en la precariedad del trabajo, afectan la salud mental de los trabajadores de enfermería en el contexto de la pandemia de COVID-19.

          Método:

          se trata de un estudio con enfoque cualitativo y descriptivo, analizado a la luz de la política económica neoliberal. Datos recolectados a través de medios virtuales, con la participación de 719 trabajadores de enfermería, de abril a junio de 2020. Para organizar los datos se utilizó el software IRaMuTeQ ® y análisis temático.

          Resultados:

          los informes revelaron la desvalorización de los trabajadores y la pérdida de los derechos sociolaborales; el carácter progresivo de la política neoliberal, sus amenazas y repercusiones en la salud mental de los trabajadores; y el reconocimiento por parte de las trabajadoras de que la participación política y de clase no se da de forma aislada, sino de forma colectiva.

          Conclusión:

          bajo la égida de la política neoliberal, la pandemia de COVID-19 provocó un recrudecimiento de la precariedad laboral, incidiendo en la subjetividad y la salud mental de los trabajadores de enfermería.

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          Most cited references35

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          Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China

          Summary Background A recent cluster of pneumonia cases in Wuhan, China, was caused by a novel betacoronavirus, the 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV). We report the epidemiological, clinical, laboratory, and radiological characteristics and treatment and clinical outcomes of these patients. Methods All patients with suspected 2019-nCoV were admitted to a designated hospital in Wuhan. We prospectively collected and analysed data on patients with laboratory-confirmed 2019-nCoV infection by real-time RT-PCR and next-generation sequencing. Data were obtained with standardised data collection forms shared by WHO and the International Severe Acute Respiratory and Emerging Infection Consortium from electronic medical records. Researchers also directly communicated with patients or their families to ascertain epidemiological and symptom data. Outcomes were also compared between patients who had been admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) and those who had not. Findings By Jan 2, 2020, 41 admitted hospital patients had been identified as having laboratory-confirmed 2019-nCoV infection. Most of the infected patients were men (30 [73%] of 41); less than half had underlying diseases (13 [32%]), including diabetes (eight [20%]), hypertension (six [15%]), and cardiovascular disease (six [15%]). Median age was 49·0 years (IQR 41·0–58·0). 27 (66%) of 41 patients had been exposed to Huanan seafood market. One family cluster was found. Common symptoms at onset of illness were fever (40 [98%] of 41 patients), cough (31 [76%]), and myalgia or fatigue (18 [44%]); less common symptoms were sputum production (11 [28%] of 39), headache (three [8%] of 38), haemoptysis (two [5%] of 39), and diarrhoea (one [3%] of 38). Dyspnoea developed in 22 (55%) of 40 patients (median time from illness onset to dyspnoea 8·0 days [IQR 5·0–13·0]). 26 (63%) of 41 patients had lymphopenia. All 41 patients had pneumonia with abnormal findings on chest CT. Complications included acute respiratory distress syndrome (12 [29%]), RNAaemia (six [15%]), acute cardiac injury (five [12%]) and secondary infection (four [10%]). 13 (32%) patients were admitted to an ICU and six (15%) died. Compared with non-ICU patients, ICU patients had higher plasma levels of IL2, IL7, IL10, GSCF, IP10, MCP1, MIP1A, and TNFα. Interpretation The 2019-nCoV infection caused clusters of severe respiratory illness similar to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus and was associated with ICU admission and high mortality. Major gaps in our knowledge of the origin, epidemiology, duration of human transmission, and clinical spectrum of disease need fulfilment by future studies. Funding Ministry of Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, National Natural Science Foundation of China, and Beijing Municipal Science and Technology Commission.
            • Record: found
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            • Article: not found

            Consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research (COREQ): a 32-item checklist for interviews and focus groups.

            Qualitative research explores complex phenomena encountered by clinicians, health care providers, policy makers and consumers. Although partial checklists are available, no consolidated reporting framework exists for any type of qualitative design. To develop a checklist for explicit and comprehensive reporting of qualitative studies (in depth interviews and focus groups). We performed a comprehensive search in Cochrane and Campbell Protocols, Medline, CINAHL, systematic reviews of qualitative studies, author or reviewer guidelines of major medical journals and reference lists of relevant publications for existing checklists used to assess qualitative studies. Seventy-six items from 22 checklists were compiled into a comprehensive list. All items were grouped into three domains: (i) research team and reflexivity, (ii) study design and (iii) data analysis and reporting. Duplicate items and those that were ambiguous, too broadly defined and impractical to assess were removed. Items most frequently included in the checklists related to sampling method, setting for data collection, method of data collection, respondent validation of findings, method of recording data, description of the derivation of themes and inclusion of supporting quotations. We grouped all items into three domains: (i) research team and reflexivity, (ii) study design and (iii) data analysis and reporting. The criteria included in COREQ, a 32-item checklist, can help researchers to report important aspects of the research team, study methods, context of the study, findings, analysis and interpretations.
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              SNOWBALL VERSUS RESPONDENT-DRIVEN SAMPLING.

                Author and article information

                Journal
                Rev Esc Enferm USP
                Rev Esc Enferm USP
                reeusp
                Revista da Escola de Enfermagem da USP
                Universidade de São Paulo, Escola de Enfermagem
                0080-6234
                1980-220X
                14 January 2022
                2022
                : 56
                : e20210257
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, MT, Brazil.
                [2 ]Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
                [3 ]Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brazil.
                [4 ]Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brazil.
                [5 ]Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
                [6 ]Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil.
                [7 ]Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Salvador, BA, Brazil.
                [8 ]Universidade de São Paulo, Escola de enfermagem, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
                Author notes
                Corresponding author: Maria do Perpétuo S. S. Nóbrega Av. Dr. Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar, 419 05403-000 – São Paulo, SP, Brazil perpetua.nobrega@ 123456usp.br
                Author information
                http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0750-8379
                http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9973-0948
                http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7374-011X
                http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8534-1960
                http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2522-1948
                http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1662-4139
                http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4322-3701
                http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4974-0611
                Article
                00411
                10.1590/1980-220X-REEUSP-2021-0257
                10132838
                35040472
                0e755afb-a709-47c5-bcb0-5979e8b2aef3

                This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

                History
                : 03 June 2021
                : 29 November 2021
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 29, Words: 0
                Funding
                Funded by: Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico – CNPq
                Funded by: Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia, Inovações e Comunicações – MCTIC
                Funded by: Ministério da Saúde – MS
                Award ID: MCTIC/CNPq/FNDCT/MS/SCTIE/Call Decit 07/2020
                Categories
                Original Article

                pandemics,work,mental health,nursing,capitalism,pandemias,trabajo,salud mental,enfermería,capitalismo,trabalho,saúde mental,enfermagem

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