Comparative transcriptome analysis of basal and zygote-located tip regions of peanut ovaries provides insight into the mechanism of light regulation in peanut embryo and pod development

There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

Abstract

Background

Peanut zygotes typically divide a few times to form a pre-embryo before further embryonic development halts under normal day/night photoperiods. Ovary elongation, however, continuesforming a downward growing peg-like structure. When the peg is buried in the soil, embryo development resumes in the darkness. The embryo-located region (ER) of the peg begins to enlarge and form a pod, while the basal region (BR) of the peg has a distinct fate. The molecular mechanisms governing these unique embryo development processes are unknown.

Results

In this study, histological analysis demonstrated that from 4 days after pollination to 3 days after soil penetration, the peanut pre-embryo remained morphologically similar. By 9 days after soil penetration, the embryo had changed to a globular embryo. Transcriptome analysis revealed differentially expressed genes in the ER and BR before and after peg soil penetration. In addition to light signaling and plant hormone metabolism genes, we identified differentially expressed genes in the ER that contribute to embryo development and pod formation processes, including MADS-box transcription factors, xyloglucan endotransglucosylase/hydrolase protein, cellulose synthase, homeobox-leucine zipper (HD-Zip) protein family genes, amino acid permease, and seed growth and embryo morphogenesis regulators (DA1, TCP3, and YABBY).

Conclusions

A large number of genes were found to be differentially expressed in the ER and BR across three developmental peg stages. Exact changes in gene expression were also identified in the ER during early embryo and pod development. This information provides an expanded knowledgebase for understanding the mechanisms of early peanut pod formation.

Electronic supplementary material

The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12864-016-2857-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Related collections

Most cited references 42

Record: found
Abstract: found
Article: not found

A MADS-box gene necessary for fruit ripening at the tomato ripening-inhibitor (rin) locus.

Julia Vrebalov, Diane Ruezinsky, Veeraragavan Padmanabhan … (2002)

Tomato plants harboring the ripening-inhibitor (rin) mutation yield fruits that fail to ripen. Additionally, rin plants display enlarged sepals and loss of inflorescence determinacy. Positional cloning of the rin locus revealed two tandem MADS-box genes (LeMADS-RIN and LeMADS-MC), whose expression patterns suggested roles in fruit ripening and sepal development, respectively. The rin mutation alters expression of both genes. Gene repression and mutant complementation demonstrate that LeMADS-RIN regulates ripening, whereas LeMADS-MC affects sepal development and inflorescence determinacy. LeMADS-RIN demonstrates an agriculturally important function of plant MADS-box genes and provides molecular insight into nonhormonal (developmental) regulation of ripening.

0 comments Cited 333 times – based on 0 reviews      Review now

Bookmark

Record: found
Abstract: found
Article: found

Is Open Access

LEA (Late Embryogenesis Abundant) proteins and their encoding genes in Arabidopsis thaliana

Michaela Hundertmark, Dirk Hincha (2008)

Background LEA (late embryogenesis abundant) proteins have first been described about 25 years ago as accumulating late in plant seed development. They were later found in vegetative plant tissues following environmental stress and also in desiccation tolerant bacteria and invertebrates. Although they are widely assumed to play crucial roles in cellular dehydration tolerance, their physiological and biochemical functions are largely unknown. Results We present a genome-wide analysis of LEA proteins and their encoding genes in Arabidopsis thaliana. We identified 51 LEA protein encoding genes in the Arabidopsis genome that could be classified into nine distinct groups. Expression studies were performed on all genes at different developmental stages, in different plant organs and under different stress and hormone treatments using quantitative RT-PCR. We found evidence of expression for all 51 genes. There was only little overlap between genes expressed in vegetative tissues and in seeds and expression levels were generally higher in seeds. Most genes encoding LEA proteins had abscisic acid response (ABRE) and/or low temperature response (LTRE) elements in their promoters and many genes containing the respective promoter elements were induced by abscisic acid, cold or drought. We also found that 33% of all Arabidopsis LEA protein encoding genes are arranged in tandem repeats and that 43% are part of homeologous pairs. The majority of LEA proteins were predicted to be highly hydrophilic and natively unstructured, but some were predicted to be folded. Conclusion The analyses indicate a wide range of sequence diversity, intracellular localizations, and expression patterns. The high fraction of retained duplicate genes and the inferred functional diversification indicate that they confer an evolutionary advantage for an organism under varying stressful environmental conditions. This comprehensive analysis will be an important starting point for future efforts to elucidate the functional role of these enigmatic proteins.

0 comments Cited 320 times – based on 0 reviews      Review now

Bookmark

Record: found
Abstract: found
Article: not found

Gibberellin metabolism: new insights revealed by the genes.

Peter Hedden, Andrew Phillips (2000)

The identification of most of the genes involved in the metabolic pathways for gibberellin hormones has helped us to understand these pathways and their regulation. Many of these enzymes are multifunctional and therefore fewer enzymes than might be expected are required to synthesize the various gibberellin structures. However, several of the enzymes are encoded by multiple genes that are regulated differently, adding unexpected genetic complexity. Several endogenous and environmental factors modify the expression of gibberellin biosynthesis genes, including developmental stage, hormonal status and light. A future challenge will be to dissect the complex, interacting pathways that mediate the regulation of gibberellin metabolism.

0 comments Cited 209 times – based on 0 reviews      Review now

Bookmark

All references

Author and article information

Contributors

Ye Zhang: zhangye411@163.com

Pengfei Wang: fengqiaoyouzi@126.com

Han Xia: coldxia@126.com

Chuanzhi Zhao: huyjh@126.com

Lei Hou: houlei9042@qq.com

Changsheng Li: shzyyxgs@126.com

Chao Gao: gsuperman114@163.com

Shuzhen Zhao: +86-531-83179470 , zhaoshuzhen51@126.com

Xingjun Wang: +86-531-83179470 , xingjunw@hotmail.com

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): BMC Genomics

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): BMC Genomics

Title: BMC Genomics

Publisher: BioMed Central (London )

ISSN (Electronic): 1471-2164

Publication date (Electronic): 11 August 2016

Publication date PMC-release: 11 August 2016

Publication date Collection: 2016

Volume: 17

Electronic Location Identifier: 606

Affiliations

[1 ]Life Science College of Shandong University, Jinan, 250100 People’s Republic of China

[2 ]Biotechnology Research Center, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Ecology and Physiology, Jinan, 250100 People’s Republic of China

Article

Publisher ID: 2857

DOI: 10.1186/s12864-016-2857-1

PMC ID: 4982202

PubMed ID: 27514934

SO-VID: 0ea2ecdd-6220-4920-b958-9ec9b3001f05

License:

Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver ( http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.

History

Date received : 3 March 2016

Date accepted : 22 June 2016

Funding

Funded by: FundRef http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001809, National Natural Science Foundation of China;

Award ID: 31471526

Award ID: 31500217

Award Recipient : Lei Hou Shuzhen Zhao

Funded by: Projects from Shandong Province

Award ID: BS2013SW006

Award ID: tshw20100416

Award Recipient : Shuzhen Zhao Xingjun Wang

Custom metadata

ScienceOpen disciplines: Genetics

Keywords: arachis hypogaea,ovary,light signaling,embryo development,gene expression profiling,peanut peg

Data availability:

ScienceOpen disciplines: Genetics

Keywords: arachis hypogaea, ovary, light signaling, embryo development, gene expression profiling, peanut peg

Comparative transcriptome analysis of basal and zygote-located tip regions of peanut ovaries provides insight into the mechanism of light regulation in peanut embryo and pod development

Read this article at

Abstract

Background

Results

Conclusions

Electronic supplementary material

Related collections

Genes & Diseases

Most cited references 42

A MADS-box gene necessary for fruit ripening at the tomato ripening-inhibitor (rin) locus.

LEA (Late Embryogenesis Abundant) proteins and their encoding genes in Arabidopsis thaliana

Gibberellin metabolism: new insights revealed by the genes.

Author and article information

Contributors

Journal

Affiliations

Article

History

Funding

Categories

Custom metadata

Comments

Comment on this article

Similar content 81

Cited by 18

Most referenced authors 721