Neonatal amygdala resting-state functional connectivity and socio-emotional development in very preterm children

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Abstract

Very preterm children are more likely to exhibit difficulties in socio-emotional processing than their term-born peers. Emerging socio-emotional problems may be partly due to alterations in limbic system development associated with infants’ early transition to extrauterine life. The amygdala is a key structure in this system and plays a critical role in various aspects of socio-emotional development, including emotion regulation. The current study tested the hypothesis that amygdala resting-state functional connectivity at term-equivalent age would be associated with socio-emotional outcomes in childhood. Participants were 129 very preterm infants (<33 weeks' gestation) who underwent resting-state functional MRI at term and received a neurodevelopmental assessment at 4–7 years (median = 4.64). Using the left and right amygdalae as seed regions, we investigated associations between whole-brain seed-based functional connectivity and three socio-emotional outcome factors which were derived using exploratory factor analysis ( Emotion Moderation, Social Function and Empathy), controlling for sex, neonatal sickness, post-menstrual age at scan and social risk. Childhood Emotion Moderation scores were significantly associated with neonatal resting-state functional connectivity of the right amygdala with right parahippocampal gyrus and right middle occipital gyrus, as well as with functional connectivity of the left amygdala with the right thalamus. No significant associations were found between amygdalar resting-state functional connectivity and either Social Function or Empathy scores. The current findings show that amygdalar functional connectivity assessed at term is associated with later socio-emotional outcomes in very preterm children.

Abstract

This study shows that both stronger and weaker resting-state functional connectivity between the amygdala and cortical and limbic areas in the neonatal period is associated with socio-emotional outcomes in children who were born very preterm.

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Author and article information

Contributors

Dana Kanel:

ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0111-1760

Lucy D. Vanes:

ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6486-1462

Gareth Ball:

ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3509-1435

Laila Hadaya

Shona Falconer

Serena J. Counsell

A. David Edwards

Chiara Nosarti:

ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6305-9710

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): Brain Commun

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Brain Commun

Journal ID (publisher-id): braincomms

Title: Brain Communications

Publisher: Oxford University Press

ISSN (Electronic): 2632-1297

Publication date Collection: 2022

Publication date (Electronic): 27 January 2022

Publication date PMC-release: 27 January 2022

Volume: 4

Issue: 1

Electronic Location Identifier: fcac009